feat(family-16): add ValueArea + InitialBalance + OpeningRange (#52)

* feat(family-16): add ValueArea + InitialBalance + OpeningRange Opens family #16 (Market Profile) with the three OHLCV-compatible scalar / multi-output indicators: - ValueArea(period, bin_count, value_area_pct) -> {poc, vah, val}. Rolling bin-approximation volume profile over the last `period` candles. Each candle's volume is spread uniformly across [low, high]; POC is the bin with highest cumulative volume; the value area expands symmetrically from POC and always absorbs the higher-volume neighbour next, until `value_area_pct` (default 0.70) of total volume is enclosed. Defaults (20, 50, 0.70). - InitialBalance(period) -> {high, low}. Tracks session-opening high and low over the first `period` bars, then locks. Default period = 12 (one-hour IB on 5-minute bars for US equities). Callers MUST invoke reset() at every session boundary, otherwise IB stays fixed for the lifetime of the instance. - OpeningRange(period) -> {high, low, breakout_distance}. Same lock-after-N-bars semantics as IB with a shorter default period (6 = 30 min on 5-minute bars) and a third output that tracks close - or_mid (positive above the range mid, negative below). Histogram-output Market Profile variants (Volume Profile, VPVR, Composite Profile) are deferred because they need a new histogram output API layer rather than fixed-arity scalars. Tick-data-only variants (TPO Profile, Single Print, Order Flow Delta, Cumulative Delta, Volume-Weighted Open) are out of scope because `wickra-data` does not currently expose tick / L2 data. All four bindings (Rust core, Python, Node, WASM) ship the new indicators with parity tests; benches added; fuzz target extended. Counter 71 -> 74 across 8 -> 9 families. cargo check --workspace --all-features green. * fix(family-16): cover cold paths in InitialBalance + ValueArea InitialBalance::value() public getter had no test covering the post-update Some(...) branch — extended accessors_and_metadata to call value() after one update. ValueArea single-print bar path (c.high == c.low) was unreachable in existing tests since the only single-print test used a uniform 100-price window which exits early via the span == 0 guard; added a mixed-window test that triggers the c.high <= c.low branch directly. The (None, None) arm of the expansion match was by-construction unreachable (the loop condition already requires at least one neighbour) and has been folded into an if/else.
2026-05-26 00:14:30 +02:00
parent 05fcdd9a5e
commit 9b8e1346ed
20 changed files with 1946 additions and 35 deletions
@@ -8,6 +8,31 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 ## [Unreleased]

 ### Added
+- **Market Profile family** (3 new indicators, opens family #9 across the
+  catalogue):
+  - `ValueArea(period, bin_count, value_area_pct)` — rolling
+    bin-approximation volume profile over the last `period` candles.
+    Outputs `{poc, vah, val}`: Point of Control is the bin with the highest
+    cumulative volume; the Value Area expands symmetrically from POC and
+    always absorbs the higher-volume neighbour next, until the configured
+    percentage of total volume (default 70%) is enclosed. Each candle's
+    volume is spread uniformly across its `[low, high]` range; single-print
+    bars (`low == high`) drop their entire volume into one bin.
+  - `InitialBalance(period)` — first-N-bar session high / low, frozen
+    once `period` bars have been ingested. Outputs `{high, low}`. Default
+    `period = 12` (one-hour IB on 5-minute bars for US equities). Callers
+    MUST invoke `reset()` at every session boundary, otherwise the IB
+    locks and stays fixed for the lifetime of the instance.
+  - `OpeningRange(period)` — same lock-after-N-bars semantics as IB but
+    with a smaller default window (`period = 6`, 30 min on 5-minute
+    bars) and a third output `breakout_distance` = `close - or_mid`,
+    signed (positive above the range, negative below).
+- Histogram-output Market Profile variants (Volume Profile / VPVR /
+  Composite Profile) and tick-data-only variants (TPO / Single Print /
+  Cumulative Delta / Order Flow Delta / Volume-Weighted Open) are
+  deliberately out of scope of this PR: the former need a new
+  histogram-output API layer, the latter need tick / L2 data which
+  `wickra-data` does not yet expose.
 - **Family 12 — Statistik / Regression (13 indicators).** A complete
  statistical toolkit for analysing rolling price distributions and
  cross-series relationships. Every indicator ships in the Rust core
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ python -m benchmarks.compare_libraries

 ## Indicators

-178 streaming-first indicators across thirteen families. Every one passes the
+181 streaming-first indicators across fourteen families. Every one passes the
 `batch == streaming` equivalence test, reference-value tests, and reset
 semantics tests.

@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ semantics tests.
 | Pivots & S/R         | Classic Pivots, Fibonacci Pivots, Camarilla, Woodie Pivots, DeMark Pivots, Williams Fractals, ZigZag |
 | DeMark               | TD Setup, TD Sequential, TD DeMarker, TD REI, TD Pressure, TD Combo, TD Countdown, TD Lines, TD Range Projection, TD Differential, TD Open, TD Risk Level |
 | Ichimoku & Charts    | Ichimoku Kinko Hyo (Tenkan, Kijun, Senkou A/B, Chikou), Heikin-Ashi |
+| Market Profile       | Value Area (POC / VAH / VAL), Initial Balance, Opening Range |

 Adding a new indicator means implementing one trait in Rust; all four bindings
 inherit it automatically.
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ A Python live-trading example using the public `websockets` package lives at
 ```
 wickra/
 ├── crates/
-│   ├── wickra-core/         core engine + all 178 indicators
+│   ├── wickra-core/         core engine + all 181 indicators
 │   ├── wickra/              top-level facade crate (publishes on crates.io) + benches/
 │   └── wickra-data/         CSV reader, tick aggregator, live exchange feeds
 ├── bindings/
@@ -214,6 +214,10 @@ const multi = {
  SuperTrend: { make: () => new wickra.SuperTrend(10, 3), fields: ['value', 'direction'], step: (ind, i) => ind.update(high[i], low[i], close[i]), batch: (ind) => ind.batch(high, low, close) },
  ChandelierExit: { make: () => new wickra.ChandelierExit(22, 3), fields: ['longStop', 'shortStop'], step: (ind, i) => ind.update(high[i], low[i], close[i]), batch: (ind) => ind.batch(high, low, close) },
  ChandeKrollStop: { make: () => new wickra.ChandeKrollStop(10, 1, 9), fields: ['stopLong', 'stopShort'], step: (ind, i) => ind.update(high[i], low[i], close[i]), batch: (ind) => ind.batch(high, low, close) },
+  // Family 16: Market Profile
+  ValueArea: { make: () => new wickra.ValueArea(20, 50, 0.70), fields: ['poc', 'vah', 'val'], step: (ind, i) => ind.update(high[i], low[i], volume[i]), batch: (ind) => ind.batch(high, low, volume) },
+  InitialBalance: { make: () => new wickra.InitialBalance(12), fields: ['high', 'low'], step: (ind, i) => ind.update(high[i], low[i]), batch: (ind) => ind.batch(high, low) },
+  OpeningRange: { make: () => new wickra.OpeningRange(6), fields: ['high', 'low', 'breakoutDistance'], step: (ind, i) => ind.update(high[i], low[i], close[i]), batch: (ind) => ind.batch(high, low, close) },
  DonchianStop: { make: () => new wickra.DonchianStop(10), fields: ['stopLong', 'stopShort'], step: (ind, i) => ind.update(high[i], low[i]), batch: (ind) => ind.batch(high, low) },
  // Family 05: bands & channels
  MaEnvelope: { make: () => new wickra.MaEnvelope(20, 0.025), fields: ['upper', 'middle', 'lower'], step: (ind, i) => ind.update(close[i]), batch: (ind) => ind.batch(close) },
@@ -371,6 +375,32 @@ test('LinRegAngle of a unit-slope series is 45 degrees', () => {
  assert.ok(Math.abs(out[4] - 45) < 1e-9);
 });

+test('InitialBalance(2) locks after period and ignores subsequent bars', () => {
+  const ib = new wickra.InitialBalance(2);
+  let v = ib.update(102, 100);
+  assert.equal(v.high, 102);
+  assert.equal(v.low, 100);
+  v = ib.update(103, 99);
+  assert.equal(v.high, 103);
+  assert.equal(v.low, 99);
+  assert.equal(ib.isLocked(), true);
+  // Extreme bar after lock must not modify the IB.
+  v = ib.update(200, 50);
+  assert.equal(v.high, 103);
+  assert.equal(v.low, 99);
+});
+
+test('OpeningRange(2) breakout distance is signed close minus midpoint', () => {
+  const or = new wickra.OpeningRange(2);
+  or.update(102, 100, 101);
+  or.update(103, 101, 102);
+  // OR locked at high 103 / low 100 / mid 101.5. Close 105 -> +3.5.
+  const v = or.update(110, 102, 105);
+  assert.equal(v.high, 103);
+  assert.equal(v.low, 100);
+  assert.ok(Math.abs(v.breakoutDistance - 3.5) < 1e-9);
+});
+
 // --- Family 12: two-series indicators (Pearson / Beta / Spearman) ---

 const pairFactories = {
@@ -8096,3 +8096,224 @@ impl HeikinAshiNode {
        self.inner.warmup_period() as u32
    }
 }
+
+// ============================== ValueArea ==============================
+
+#[napi(object)]
+pub struct ValueAreaValue {
+    pub poc: f64,
+    pub vah: f64,
+    pub val: f64,
+}
+
+#[napi(js_name = "ValueArea")]
+pub struct ValueAreaNode {
+    inner: wc::ValueArea,
+}
+#[napi]
+impl ValueAreaNode {
+    #[napi(constructor)]
+    pub fn new(period: u32, bin_count: u32, value_area_pct: f64) -> napi::Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::ValueArea::new(period as usize, bin_count as usize, value_area_pct)
+                .map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    #[napi(js_name = "isReady")]
+    pub fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    #[napi(js_name = "warmupPeriod")]
+    pub fn warmup_period(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.inner.warmup_period() as u32
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn update(
+        &mut self,
+        high: f64,
+        low: f64,
+        volume: f64,
+    ) -> napi::Result<Option<ValueAreaValue>> {
+        let mid = (high + low) / 2.0;
+        let candle = wc::Candle::new(mid, high, low, mid, volume, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+        Ok(self.inner.update(candle).map(|o| ValueAreaValue {
+            poc: o.poc,
+            vah: o.vah,
+            val: o.val,
+        }))
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn batch(
+        &mut self,
+        high: Vec<f64>,
+        low: Vec<f64>,
+        volume: Vec<f64>,
+    ) -> napi::Result<Vec<f64>> {
+        if high.len() != low.len() || low.len() != volume.len() {
+            return Err(NapiError::from_reason(
+                "high, low, volume must be equal length".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        let n = high.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 3];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let mid = (high[i] + low[i]) / 2.0;
+            let candle =
+                wc::Candle::new(mid, high[i], low[i], mid, volume[i], 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(candle) {
+                out[i * 3] = o.poc;
+                out[i * 3 + 1] = o.vah;
+                out[i * 3 + 2] = o.val;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================== InitialBalance ==============================
+
+#[napi(object)]
+pub struct InitialBalanceValue {
+    pub high: f64,
+    pub low: f64,
+}
+
+#[napi(js_name = "InitialBalance")]
+pub struct InitialBalanceNode {
+    inner: wc::InitialBalance,
+}
+#[napi]
+impl InitialBalanceNode {
+    #[napi(constructor)]
+    pub fn new(period: u32) -> napi::Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::InitialBalance::new(period as usize).map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    #[napi(js_name = "isReady")]
+    pub fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    #[napi(js_name = "isLocked")]
+    pub fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_locked()
+    }
+    #[napi(js_name = "warmupPeriod")]
+    pub fn warmup_period(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.inner.warmup_period() as u32
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn update(&mut self, high: f64, low: f64) -> napi::Result<Option<InitialBalanceValue>> {
+        let mid = (high + low) / 2.0;
+        let candle = wc::Candle::new(mid, high, low, mid, 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+        Ok(self.inner.update(candle).map(|o| InitialBalanceValue {
+            high: o.high,
+            low: o.low,
+        }))
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn batch(&mut self, high: Vec<f64>, low: Vec<f64>) -> napi::Result<Vec<f64>> {
+        if high.len() != low.len() {
+            return Err(NapiError::from_reason(
+                "high and low must be equal length".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        let n = high.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 2];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let mid = (high[i] + low[i]) / 2.0;
+            let candle = wc::Candle::new(mid, high[i], low[i], mid, 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(candle) {
+                out[i * 2] = o.high;
+                out[i * 2 + 1] = o.low;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================== OpeningRange ==============================
+
+#[napi(object)]
+pub struct OpeningRangeValue {
+    pub high: f64,
+    pub low: f64,
+    pub breakout_distance: f64,
+}
+
+#[napi(js_name = "OpeningRange")]
+pub struct OpeningRangeNode {
+    inner: wc::OpeningRange,
+}
+#[napi]
+impl OpeningRangeNode {
+    #[napi(constructor)]
+    pub fn new(period: u32) -> napi::Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::OpeningRange::new(period as usize).map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    #[napi(js_name = "isReady")]
+    pub fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    #[napi(js_name = "isLocked")]
+    pub fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_locked()
+    }
+    #[napi(js_name = "warmupPeriod")]
+    pub fn warmup_period(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.inner.warmup_period() as u32
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn update(
+        &mut self,
+        high: f64,
+        low: f64,
+        close: f64,
+    ) -> napi::Result<Option<OpeningRangeValue>> {
+        let candle = wc::Candle::new(close, high, low, close, 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+        Ok(self.inner.update(candle).map(|o| OpeningRangeValue {
+            high: o.high,
+            low: o.low,
+            breakout_distance: o.breakout_distance,
+        }))
+    }
+    #[napi]
+    pub fn batch(
+        &mut self,
+        high: Vec<f64>,
+        low: Vec<f64>,
+        close: Vec<f64>,
+    ) -> napi::Result<Vec<f64>> {
+        if high.len() != low.len() || low.len() != close.len() {
+            return Err(NapiError::from_reason(
+                "high, low, close must be equal length".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        let n = high.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 3];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let candle =
+                wc::Candle::new(close[i], high[i], low[i], close[i], 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(candle) {
+                out[i * 3] = o.high;
+                out[i * 3 + 1] = o.low;
+                out[i * 3 + 2] = o.breakout_distance;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+}
@@ -215,6 +215,10 @@ from ._wickra import (
    # Ichimoku & alternative charts
    Ichimoku,
    HeikinAshi,
+    # Market Profile
+    ValueArea,
+    InitialBalance,
+    OpeningRange,
 )

 __all__ = [
@@ -409,4 +413,8 @@ __all__ = [
    # Ichimoku & alternative charts
    "Ichimoku",
    "HeikinAshi",
+    # Market Profile
+    "ValueArea",
+    "InitialBalance",
+    "OpeningRange",
 ]
@@ -10816,6 +10816,244 @@ impl PySpearmanCorrelation {
    }
 }

+// ============================== ValueArea ==============================
+
+#[pyclass(name = "ValueArea", module = "wickra._wickra", skip_from_py_object)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct PyValueArea {
+    inner: wc::ValueArea,
+}
+
+#[pymethods]
+impl PyValueArea {
+    #[new]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (period=20, bin_count=50, value_area_pct=0.70))]
+    fn new(period: usize, bin_count: usize, value_area_pct: f64) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::ValueArea::new(period, bin_count, value_area_pct).map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    fn update(&mut self, candle: &Bound<'_, PyAny>) -> PyResult<Option<(f64, f64, f64)>> {
+        let c = extract_candle(candle)?;
+        Ok(self.inner.update(c).map(|o| (o.poc, o.vah, o.val)))
+    }
+    /// Batch over numpy columns high, low, volume. Returns shape `(n, 3)`
+    /// with columns `[poc, vah, val]`; warmup rows are `NaN`.
+    fn batch<'py>(
+        &mut self,
+        py: Python<'py>,
+        high: PyReadonlyArray1<'py, f64>,
+        low: PyReadonlyArray1<'py, f64>,
+        volume: PyReadonlyArray1<'py, f64>,
+    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'py, PyArray2<f64>>> {
+        let h = high
+            .as_slice()
+            .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(NON_CONTIGUOUS))?;
+        let l = low
+            .as_slice()
+            .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(NON_CONTIGUOUS))?;
+        let v = volume
+            .as_slice()
+            .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(NON_CONTIGUOUS))?;
+        if h.len() != l.len() || l.len() != v.len() {
+            return Err(PyValueError::new_err(
+                "high, low, volume must be equal length",
+            ));
+        }
+        let n = h.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 3];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            // open / close pinned to the midpoint so the candle validates.
+            let mid = (h[i] + l[i]) / 2.0;
+            let candle = wc::Candle::new(mid, h[i], l[i], mid, v[i], 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(candle) {
+                out[i * 3] = o.poc;
+                out[i * 3 + 1] = o.vah;
+                out[i * 3 + 2] = o.val;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(numpy::ndarray::Array2::from_shape_vec((n, 3), out)
+            .expect("shape consistent")
+            .into_pyarray(py))
+    }
+    #[getter]
+    fn params(&self) -> (usize, usize, f64) {
+        self.inner.params()
+    }
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.warmup_period()
+    }
+    fn __repr__(&self) -> String {
+        let (period, bin_count, pct) = self.inner.params();
+        format!("ValueArea(period={period}, bin_count={bin_count}, value_area_pct={pct})")
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================== InitialBalance ==============================
+
+#[pyclass(
+    name = "InitialBalance",
+    module = "wickra._wickra",
+    skip_from_py_object
+)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct PyInitialBalance {
+    inner: wc::InitialBalance,
+}
+
+#[pymethods]
+impl PyInitialBalance {
+    #[new]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (period=12))]
+    fn new(period: usize) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::InitialBalance::new(period).map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    fn update(&mut self, candle: &Bound<'_, PyAny>) -> PyResult<Option<(f64, f64)>> {
+        let c = extract_candle(candle)?;
+        Ok(self.inner.update(c).map(|o| (o.high, o.low)))
+    }
+    /// Batch over numpy columns high, low. Returns shape `(n, 2)` with
+    /// columns `[high, low]`.
+    fn batch<'py>(
+        &mut self,
+        py: Python<'py>,
+        high: PyReadonlyArray1<'py, f64>,
+        low: PyReadonlyArray1<'py, f64>,
+    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'py, PyArray2<f64>>> {
+        let h = high
+            .as_slice()
+            .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(NON_CONTIGUOUS))?;
+        let l = low
+            .as_slice()
+            .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(NON_CONTIGUOUS))?;
+        if h.len() != l.len() {
+            return Err(PyValueError::new_err("high and low must be equal length"));
+        }
+        let n = h.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 2];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let mid = (h[i] + l[i]) / 2.0;
+            let candle = wc::Candle::new(mid, h[i], l[i], mid, 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(candle) {
+                out[i * 2] = o.high;
+                out[i * 2 + 1] = o.low;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(numpy::ndarray::Array2::from_shape_vec((n, 2), out)
+            .expect("shape consistent")
+            .into_pyarray(py))
+    }
+    #[getter]
+    fn period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.period()
+    }
+    fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_locked()
+    }
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.warmup_period()
+    }
+    fn __repr__(&self) -> String {
+        format!("InitialBalance(period={})", self.inner.period())
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================== OpeningRange ==============================
+
+#[pyclass(name = "OpeningRange", module = "wickra._wickra", skip_from_py_object)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct PyOpeningRange {
+    inner: wc::OpeningRange,
+}
+
+#[pymethods]
+impl PyOpeningRange {
+    #[new]
+    #[pyo3(signature = (period=6))]
+    fn new(period: usize) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::OpeningRange::new(period).map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    fn update(&mut self, candle: &Bound<'_, PyAny>) -> PyResult<Option<(f64, f64, f64)>> {
+        let c = extract_candle(candle)?;
+        Ok(self
+            .inner
+            .update(c)
+            .map(|o| (o.high, o.low, o.breakout_distance)))
+    }
+    /// Batch over numpy columns high, low, close. Returns shape `(n, 3)`
+    /// with columns `[high, low, breakout_distance]`.
+    fn batch<'py>(
+        &mut self,
+        py: Python<'py>,
+        high: PyReadonlyArray1<'py, f64>,
+        low: PyReadonlyArray1<'py, f64>,
+        close: PyReadonlyArray1<'py, f64>,
+    ) -> PyResult<Bound<'py, PyArray2<f64>>> {
+        let h = high
+            .as_slice()
+            .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(NON_CONTIGUOUS))?;
+        let l = low
+            .as_slice()
+            .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(NON_CONTIGUOUS))?;
+        let c = close
+            .as_slice()
+            .map_err(|_| PyValueError::new_err(NON_CONTIGUOUS))?;
+        if h.len() != l.len() || l.len() != c.len() {
+            return Err(PyValueError::new_err(
+                "high, low, close must be equal length",
+            ));
+        }
+        let n = h.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 3];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let candle = wc::Candle::new(c[i], h[i], l[i], c[i], 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(candle) {
+                out[i * 3] = o.high;
+                out[i * 3 + 1] = o.low;
+                out[i * 3 + 2] = o.breakout_distance;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(numpy::ndarray::Array2::from_shape_vec((n, 3), out)
+            .expect("shape consistent")
+            .into_pyarray(py))
+    }
+    #[getter]
+    fn period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.period()
+    }
+    fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_locked()
+    }
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.warmup_period()
+    }
+    fn __repr__(&self) -> String {
+        format!("OpeningRange(period={})", self.inner.period())
+    }
+}
+
 // ============================== Module ==============================

 #[pymodule]
@@ -11004,5 +11242,8 @@ fn _wickra(_py: Python<'_>, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
    m.add_class::<PyPearsonCorrelation>()?;
    m.add_class::<PyBeta>()?;
    m.add_class::<PySpearmanCorrelation>()?;
+    m.add_class::<PyValueArea>()?;
+    m.add_class::<PyInitialBalance>()?;
+    m.add_class::<PyOpeningRange>()?;
    Ok(())
 }
@@ -41,6 +41,38 @@ def test_roc_and_trix_have_default_periods():
    assert ta.TRIX() is not None


+def test_value_area_rejects_zero_period():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        ta.ValueArea(0, 50, 0.7)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        ta.ValueArea(20, 0, 0.7)
+
+
+def test_value_area_rejects_invalid_pct():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        ta.ValueArea(20, 50, 0.0)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        ta.ValueArea(20, 50, 1.5)
+
+
+def test_initial_balance_rejects_zero_period():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        ta.InitialBalance(0)
+
+
+def test_opening_range_rejects_zero_period():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        ta.OpeningRange(0)
+
+
+def test_value_area_unequal_length_raises():
+    high = np.array([1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
+    low = np.array([0.5, 1.5])
+    volume = np.array([10.0, 10.0, 10.0])
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        ta.ValueArea(2, 10, 0.7).batch(high, low, volume)
+
+
 def test_ichimoku_rejects_zero_and_non_increasing_periods():
    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        ta.Ichimoku(0, 26, 52, 26)
@@ -332,6 +332,45 @@ def test_obv_cumulative_known_sequence():
    np.testing.assert_allclose(out, [0.0, 20.0, -10.0, -10.0, 0.0])


+def test_value_area_concentrated_volume_locates_poc():
+    # Bars 0..3 sit at price 100 with low volume; bar 4 dumps massive volume
+    # at price 110. POC must fall inside the high-volume bar's [low, high]
+    # range; ties resolve to the lowest-index bin, so the POC may sit on the
+    # left edge of bar 4's range rather than at its midpoint.
+    high = np.array([100.5, 100.5, 100.5, 100.5, 110.5])
+    low = np.array([99.5, 99.5, 99.5, 99.5, 109.5])
+    volume = np.array([1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1000.0])
+    out = ta.ValueArea(5, 50, 0.70).batch(high, low, volume)
+    poc = out[-1, 0]
+    assert 109.5 <= poc <= 110.5
+    # VAH >= POC >= VAL.
+    assert out[-1, 1] >= poc >= out[-1, 2]
+
+
+def test_initial_balance_locks_after_period():
+    # First two bars set IB = [99, 103]. Third bar (extreme) must be ignored.
+    high = np.array([102.0, 103.0, 200.0])
+    low = np.array([100.0, 99.0, 50.0])
+    out = ta.InitialBalance(2).batch(high, low)
+    # Bar 0: IB = [100, 102]; Bar 1: IB locked at [99, 103]; Bar 2: unchanged.
+    np.testing.assert_allclose(out[0], [102.0, 100.0])
+    np.testing.assert_allclose(out[1], [103.0, 99.0])
+    np.testing.assert_allclose(out[2], [103.0, 99.0])
+
+
+def test_opening_range_breakout_distance_signed():
+    # OR locks after 2 bars at high 103 / low 100; mid 101.5. Third bar
+    # closes at 105 -> breakout +3.5; fourth bar closes at 95 -> -6.5.
+    high = np.array([102.0, 103.0, 110.0, 110.0])
+    low = np.array([100.0, 101.0, 102.0, 90.0])
+    close = np.array([101.0, 102.0, 105.0, 95.0])
+    out = ta.OpeningRange(2).batch(high, low, close)
+    assert math.isclose(out[2, 0], 103.0)
+    assert math.isclose(out[2, 1], 100.0)
+    assert math.isclose(out[2, 2], 105.0 - 101.5)
+    assert math.isclose(out[3, 2], 95.0 - 101.5)
+
+
 # --- Family 10 — Ehlers / Cycle reference values ---


@@ -88,6 +88,32 @@ def test_candle_tuple_input_supported():
    assert v is not None


+def test_initial_balance_reset_unlocks():
+    ib = ta.InitialBalance(2)
+    assert not ib.is_ready()
+    ib.update((101.0, 102.0, 100.0, 101.0, 0.0, 0))
+    ib.update((102.0, 103.0, 101.0, 102.0, 0.0, 1))
+    assert ib.is_ready()
+    assert ib.is_locked()
+    ib.reset()
+    assert not ib.is_ready()
+    assert not ib.is_locked()
+
+
+def test_opening_range_reset_unlocks():
+    or_ind = ta.OpeningRange(2)
+    or_ind.update((101.0, 102.0, 100.0, 101.0, 0.0, 0))
+    or_ind.update((102.0, 103.0, 101.0, 102.0, 0.0, 1))
+    assert or_ind.is_locked()
+    or_ind.reset()
+    assert not or_ind.is_locked()
+
+
+def test_value_area_warmup_equals_period():
+    assert ta.ValueArea(20, 50, 0.70).warmup_period() == 20
+    assert ta.ValueArea(10, 30, 0.80).warmup_period() == 10
+
+
 def test_ehlers_indicators_lifecycle():
    # Spot-check a few Family-10 entries beyond what test_new_indicators covers.
    series = np.linspace(1.0, 200.0, 200) + np.sin(np.arange(200) * 0.3) * 5.0
@@ -581,6 +581,57 @@ def test_multi_scalar_streaming_matches_batch(name, ohlcv):
    assert _eq_nan(batch, np.array(rows, dtype=np.float64)), f"{name} mismatch"


+# --- Market Profile (multi-output with variable shapes) ------------------
+
+
+def test_value_area_shape_and_streaming(ohlcv):
+    high, low, _close, volume = ohlcv
+    batch = ta.ValueArea(20, 50, 0.70).batch(high, low, volume)
+    assert batch.shape == (high.size, 3)
+    streamer = ta.ValueArea(20, 50, 0.70)
+    rows = []
+    for i in range(high.size):
+        mid = float((high[i] + low[i]) / 2.0)
+        candle = (mid, float(high[i]), float(low[i]), mid, float(volume[i]), i)
+        v = streamer.update(candle)
+        rows.append([math.nan, math.nan, math.nan] if v is None else list(v))
+    assert _eq_nan(batch, np.array(rows, dtype=np.float64))
+
+
+def test_initial_balance_shape_and_streaming(ohlcv):
+    high, low, _close, _volume = ohlcv
+    batch = ta.InitialBalance(12).batch(high, low)
+    assert batch.shape == (high.size, 2)
+    streamer = ta.InitialBalance(12)
+    rows = []
+    for i in range(high.size):
+        mid = float((high[i] + low[i]) / 2.0)
+        candle = (mid, float(high[i]), float(low[i]), mid, 0.0, i)
+        v = streamer.update(candle)
+        rows.append([math.nan, math.nan] if v is None else list(v))
+    assert _eq_nan(batch, np.array(rows, dtype=np.float64))
+
+
+def test_opening_range_shape_and_streaming(ohlcv):
+    high, low, close, _volume = ohlcv
+    batch = ta.OpeningRange(6).batch(high, low, close)
+    assert batch.shape == (high.size, 3)
+    streamer = ta.OpeningRange(6)
+    rows = []
+    for i in range(high.size):
+        candle = (
+            float(close[i]),
+            float(high[i]),
+            float(low[i]),
+            float(close[i]),
+            0.0,
+            i,
+        )
+        v = streamer.update(candle)
+        rows.append([math.nan, math.nan, math.nan] if v is None else list(v))
+    assert _eq_nan(batch, np.array(rows, dtype=np.float64))
+
+
 # --- TD Pressure (OHLCV-input) -------------------------------------------


@@ -57,6 +57,25 @@ def test_obv_batch_shape(ohlc_series):
    assert out.shape == close.shape


+def test_value_area_batch_shape(ohlc_series):
+    high, low, close = ohlc_series
+    volume = np.ones_like(close)
+    out = ta.ValueArea(20, 50, 0.70).batch(high, low, volume)
+    assert out.shape == (close.size, 3)
+
+
+def test_initial_balance_batch_shape(ohlc_series):
+    high, low, _close = ohlc_series
+    out = ta.InitialBalance(12).batch(high, low)
+    assert out.shape == (high.size, 2)
+
+
+def test_opening_range_batch_shape(ohlc_series):
+    high, low, close = ohlc_series
+    out = ta.OpeningRange(6).batch(high, low, close)
+    assert out.shape == (close.size, 3)
+
+
 def test_ichimoku_batch_returns_n_by_5(ohlc_series):
    high, low, close = ohlc_series
    out = ta.Ichimoku().batch(high, low, close)
@@ -159,3 +159,45 @@ def test_rolling_vwap_streaming_matches_batch(ohlc_series):
    assert streamer.is_ready()
    streamer.reset()
    assert not streamer.is_ready()
+
+
+def test_value_area_streaming_matches_batch(ohlc_series):
+    high, low, close = ohlc_series
+    volume = np.linspace(100.0, 200.0, num=close.size, dtype=np.float64)
+    batch = ta.ValueArea(20, 50, 0.70).batch(high, low, volume)
+
+    streamer = ta.ValueArea(20, 50, 0.70)
+    rows = []
+    for h, l, v in zip(high, low, volume):
+        mid = float((h + l) / 2.0)
+        out = streamer.update((mid, float(h), float(l), mid, float(v), 0))
+        rows.append([math.nan, math.nan, math.nan] if out is None else list(out))
+    streamed = np.array(rows, dtype=np.float64)
+    assert _equal_with_nan(batch, streamed)
+
+
+def test_initial_balance_streaming_matches_batch(ohlc_series):
+    high, low, _close = ohlc_series
+    batch = ta.InitialBalance(12).batch(high, low)
+
+    streamer = ta.InitialBalance(12)
+    rows = []
+    for h, l in zip(high, low):
+        mid = float((h + l) / 2.0)
+        out = streamer.update((mid, float(h), float(l), mid, 0.0, 0))
+        rows.append([math.nan, math.nan] if out is None else list(out))
+    streamed = np.array(rows, dtype=np.float64)
+    assert _equal_with_nan(batch, streamed)
+
+
+def test_opening_range_streaming_matches_batch(ohlc_series):
+    high, low, close = ohlc_series
+    batch = ta.OpeningRange(6).batch(high, low, close)
+
+    streamer = ta.OpeningRange(6)
+    rows = []
+    for h, l, c in zip(high, low, close):
+        out = streamer.update((float(c), float(h), float(l), float(c), 0.0, 0))
+        rows.append([math.nan, math.nan, math.nan] if out is None else list(out))
+    streamed = np.array(rows, dtype=np.float64)
+    assert _equal_with_nan(batch, streamed)
@@ -5748,6 +5748,204 @@ impl WasmHeikinAshi {
    }
 }

+#[wasm_bindgen(js_name = ValueArea)]
+pub struct WasmValueArea {
+    inner: wc::ValueArea,
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen(js_class = ValueArea)]
+impl WasmValueArea {
+    #[wasm_bindgen(constructor)]
+    pub fn new(
+        period: usize,
+        bin_count: usize,
+        value_area_pct: f64,
+    ) -> Result<WasmValueArea, JsError> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::ValueArea::new(period, bin_count, value_area_pct).map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn batch(
+        &mut self,
+        high: &[f64],
+        low: &[f64],
+        volume: &[f64],
+    ) -> Result<Float64Array, JsError> {
+        if high.len() != low.len() || low.len() != volume.len() {
+            return Err(JsError::new("high, low, volume must be equal length"));
+        }
+        let n = high.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 3];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let mid = f64::midpoint(high[i], low[i]);
+            let c = wc::Candle::new(mid, high[i], low[i], mid, volume[i], 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(c) {
+                out[i * 3] = o.poc;
+                out[i * 3 + 1] = o.vah;
+                out[i * 3 + 2] = o.val;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(Float64Array::from(out.as_slice()))
+    }
+    /// Streaming update. Returns `{ poc, vah, val }` once warm, else `null`.
+    pub fn update(&mut self, high: f64, low: f64, volume: f64) -> Result<JsValue, JsError> {
+        let mid = f64::midpoint(high, low);
+        let c = wc::Candle::new(mid, high, low, mid, volume, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+        Ok(match self.inner.update(c) {
+            Some(o) => {
+                let obj = Object::new();
+                Reflect::set(&obj, &"poc".into(), &o.poc.into()).ok();
+                Reflect::set(&obj, &"vah".into(), &o.vah.into()).ok();
+                Reflect::set(&obj, &"val".into(), &o.val.into()).ok();
+                obj.into()
+            }
+            None => JsValue::NULL,
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    #[wasm_bindgen(js_name = isReady)]
+    pub fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    #[wasm_bindgen(js_name = warmupPeriod)]
+    pub fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.warmup_period()
+    }
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen(js_name = InitialBalance)]
+pub struct WasmInitialBalance {
+    inner: wc::InitialBalance,
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen(js_class = InitialBalance)]
+impl WasmInitialBalance {
+    #[wasm_bindgen(constructor)]
+    pub fn new(period: usize) -> Result<WasmInitialBalance, JsError> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::InitialBalance::new(period).map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn batch(&mut self, high: &[f64], low: &[f64]) -> Result<Float64Array, JsError> {
+        if high.len() != low.len() {
+            return Err(JsError::new("high and low must be equal length"));
+        }
+        let n = high.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 2];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let mid = f64::midpoint(high[i], low[i]);
+            let c = wc::Candle::new(mid, high[i], low[i], mid, 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(c) {
+                out[i * 2] = o.high;
+                out[i * 2 + 1] = o.low;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(Float64Array::from(out.as_slice()))
+    }
+    /// Streaming update. Returns `{ high, low }`.
+    pub fn update(&mut self, high: f64, low: f64) -> Result<JsValue, JsError> {
+        let mid = f64::midpoint(high, low);
+        let c = wc::Candle::new(mid, high, low, mid, 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+        Ok(match self.inner.update(c) {
+            Some(o) => {
+                let obj = Object::new();
+                Reflect::set(&obj, &"high".into(), &o.high.into()).ok();
+                Reflect::set(&obj, &"low".into(), &o.low.into()).ok();
+                obj.into()
+            }
+            None => JsValue::NULL,
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    #[wasm_bindgen(js_name = isReady)]
+    pub fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    #[wasm_bindgen(js_name = isLocked)]
+    pub fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_locked()
+    }
+    #[wasm_bindgen(js_name = warmupPeriod)]
+    pub fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.warmup_period()
+    }
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen(js_name = OpeningRange)]
+pub struct WasmOpeningRange {
+    inner: wc::OpeningRange,
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen(js_class = OpeningRange)]
+impl WasmOpeningRange {
+    #[wasm_bindgen(constructor)]
+    pub fn new(period: usize) -> Result<WasmOpeningRange, JsError> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            inner: wc::OpeningRange::new(period).map_err(map_err)?,
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn batch(
+        &mut self,
+        high: &[f64],
+        low: &[f64],
+        close: &[f64],
+    ) -> Result<Float64Array, JsError> {
+        if high.len() != low.len() || low.len() != close.len() {
+            return Err(JsError::new("high, low, close must be equal length"));
+        }
+        let n = high.len();
+        let mut out = vec![f64::NAN; n * 3];
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let c =
+                wc::Candle::new(close[i], high[i], low[i], close[i], 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+            if let Some(o) = self.inner.update(c) {
+                out[i * 3] = o.high;
+                out[i * 3 + 1] = o.low;
+                out[i * 3 + 2] = o.breakout_distance;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(Float64Array::from(out.as_slice()))
+    }
+    /// Streaming update. Returns `{ high, low, breakoutDistance }`.
+    pub fn update(&mut self, high: f64, low: f64, close: f64) -> Result<JsValue, JsError> {
+        let c = wc::Candle::new(close, high, low, close, 0.0, 0).map_err(map_err)?;
+        Ok(match self.inner.update(c) {
+            Some(o) => {
+                let obj = Object::new();
+                Reflect::set(&obj, &"high".into(), &o.high.into()).ok();
+                Reflect::set(&obj, &"low".into(), &o.low.into()).ok();
+                Reflect::set(
+                    &obj,
+                    &"breakoutDistance".into(),
+                    &o.breakout_distance.into(),
+                )
+                .ok();
+                obj.into()
+            }
+            None => JsValue::NULL,
+        })
+    }
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.inner.reset();
+    }
+    #[wasm_bindgen(js_name = isReady)]
+    pub fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_ready()
+    }
+    #[wasm_bindgen(js_name = isLocked)]
+    pub fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.is_locked()
+    }
+    #[wasm_bindgen(js_name = warmupPeriod)]
+    pub fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.inner.warmup_period()
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::*;
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+//! Initial Balance (IB): the high / low established over the first N bars of
+//! a session.
+//!
+//! Tracks the running session high and session low across the first `period`
+//! candles received since construction or [`InitialBalance::reset`]. Once the
+//! `period`th candle has been ingested the value is frozen and every
+//! subsequent call to [`Indicator::update`] returns the same locked
+//! [`InitialBalanceOutput`] until the caller invokes `reset()` at the start of
+//! a new session.
+
+use crate::error::{Error, Result};
+use crate::ohlcv::Candle;
+use crate::traits::Indicator;
+
+/// Initial Balance output: the high / low of the first N bars of a session.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
+pub struct InitialBalanceOutput {
+    /// Session-opening high established over the IB window.
+    pub high: f64,
+    /// Session-opening low established over the IB window.
+    pub low: f64,
+}
+
+/// Session Initial Balance (first N bars).
+///
+/// `period` defaults to **12** — the canonical one-hour IB on 5-minute bars
+/// for U.S. equities. Callers MUST invoke [`Indicator::reset`] at every new
+/// session boundary; otherwise the IB locks after the first `period` bars and
+/// stays fixed for the entire lifetime of the instance.
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```
+/// use wickra_core::{Candle, InitialBalance, Indicator};
+///
+/// let mut ib = InitialBalance::new(3).unwrap();
+/// let bars = [
+///     Candle::new(100.0, 102.0, 99.0, 101.0, 10.0, 0).unwrap(),
+///     Candle::new(101.0, 103.0, 100.0, 102.0, 10.0, 1).unwrap(),
+///     Candle::new(102.0, 104.0, 101.0, 103.0, 10.0, 2).unwrap(),
+///     // Locked after period bars — subsequent bars do not modify IB.
+///     Candle::new(103.0, 120.0, 80.0, 105.0, 10.0, 3).unwrap(),
+/// ];
+/// for b in bars {
+///     ib.update(b);
+/// }
+/// let v = ib.value().unwrap();
+/// assert_eq!(v.high, 104.0);
+/// assert_eq!(v.low, 99.0);
+/// ```
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct InitialBalance {
+    period: usize,
+    bars_seen: usize,
+    high: f64,
+    low: f64,
+    locked: bool,
+}
+
+impl InitialBalance {
+    /// Construct an Initial Balance indicator with the given window length.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns [`Error::PeriodZero`] if `period == 0`.
+    pub fn new(period: usize) -> Result<Self> {
+        if period == 0 {
+            return Err(Error::PeriodZero);
+        }
+        Ok(Self {
+            period,
+            bars_seen: 0,
+            high: f64::NEG_INFINITY,
+            low: f64::INFINITY,
+            locked: false,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Classic 12-bar Initial Balance.
+    pub fn classic() -> Self {
+        Self::new(12).expect("classic IB period is valid")
+    }
+
+    /// Configured period.
+    pub const fn period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.period
+    }
+
+    /// Most recent output if at least one bar has been seen.
+    pub fn value(&self) -> Option<InitialBalanceOutput> {
+        if self.bars_seen == 0 {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(InitialBalanceOutput {
+                high: self.high,
+                low: self.low,
+            })
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// True once `period` bars have been ingested and the IB is locked.
+    pub const fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
+        self.locked
+    }
+}
+
+impl Indicator for InitialBalance {
+    type Input = Candle;
+    type Output = InitialBalanceOutput;
+
+    fn update(&mut self, candle: Candle) -> Option<InitialBalanceOutput> {
+        if self.locked {
+            return Some(InitialBalanceOutput {
+                high: self.high,
+                low: self.low,
+            });
+        }
+        if candle.high > self.high {
+            self.high = candle.high;
+        }
+        if candle.low < self.low {
+            self.low = candle.low;
+        }
+        self.bars_seen += 1;
+        if self.bars_seen >= self.period {
+            self.locked = true;
+        }
+        Some(InitialBalanceOutput {
+            high: self.high,
+            low: self.low,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.bars_seen = 0;
+        self.high = f64::NEG_INFINITY;
+        self.low = f64::INFINITY;
+        self.locked = false;
+    }
+
+    fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.bars_seen > 0
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
+        "InitialBalance"
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::traits::BatchExt;
+    use approx::assert_relative_eq;
+
+    fn c(high: f64, low: f64, ts: i64) -> Candle {
+        // open / close pinned inside [low, high] so the candle validates.
+        let mid = f64::midpoint(high, low);
+        Candle::new(mid, high, low, mid, 10.0, ts).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_zero_period() {
+        assert!(matches!(InitialBalance::new(0), Err(Error::PeriodZero)));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn accessors_and_metadata() {
+        let mut ib = InitialBalance::new(12).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(ib.period(), 12);
+        assert_eq!(ib.name(), "InitialBalance");
+        assert_eq!(ib.warmup_period(), 1);
+        assert!(ib.value().is_none());
+        assert!(!ib.is_locked());
+        // After the first bar, value() returns Some with that bar's H/L.
+        ib.update(c(102.0, 100.0, 0));
+        let v = ib.value().unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(v.high, 102.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(v.low, 100.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn classic_is_constructible() {
+        let ib = InitialBalance::classic();
+        assert_eq!(ib.period(), 12);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn tracks_high_low_during_window() {
+        let mut ib = InitialBalance::new(3).unwrap();
+        let o1 = ib.update(c(102.0, 100.0, 0)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(o1.high, 102.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(o1.low, 100.0);
+        let o2 = ib.update(c(105.0, 99.0, 1)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(o2.high, 105.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(o2.low, 99.0);
+        let o3 = ib.update(c(103.0, 99.5, 2)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(o3.high, 105.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(o3.low, 99.0);
+        assert!(ib.is_locked());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn locks_after_period_and_ignores_subsequent_bars() {
+        let mut ib = InitialBalance::new(2).unwrap();
+        ib.update(c(102.0, 100.0, 0));
+        ib.update(c(103.0, 101.0, 1));
+        assert!(ib.is_locked());
+        // Wide bar after lock must not modify the IB.
+        let after = ib.update(c(200.0, 50.0, 2)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(after.high, 103.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(after.low, 100.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reset_unlocks_and_clears_state() {
+        let mut ib = InitialBalance::new(2).unwrap();
+        ib.update(c(102.0, 100.0, 0));
+        ib.update(c(103.0, 101.0, 1));
+        assert!(ib.is_locked());
+        ib.reset();
+        assert!(!ib.is_locked());
+        assert!(!ib.is_ready());
+        // After reset the next session's first bar drives the IB anew.
+        let o = ib.update(c(50.0, 49.0, 2)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(o.high, 50.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(o.low, 49.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn batch_equals_streaming() {
+        let candles: Vec<Candle> = (0..20)
+            .map(|i| c(100.0 + i as f64, 99.0 + i as f64 * 0.5, i))
+            .collect();
+        let mut a = InitialBalance::new(5).unwrap();
+        let mut b = InitialBalance::new(5).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            a.batch(&candles),
+            candles.iter().map(|x| b.update(*x)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn is_ready_after_first_bar() {
+        let mut ib = InitialBalance::new(5).unwrap();
+        assert!(!ib.is_ready());
+        ib.update(c(101.0, 99.0, 0));
+        assert!(ib.is_ready());
+    }
+}
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ mod hurst_channel;
 mod hurst_exponent;
 mod ichimoku;
 mod inertia;
+mod initial_balance;
 mod instantaneous_trendline;
 mod inverse_fisher_transform;
 mod jma;
@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@ mod mom;
 mod natr;
 mod nvi;
 mod obv;
+mod opening_range;
 mod parkinson;
 mod pearson_correlation;
 mod percent_b;
@@ -159,6 +161,7 @@ mod ttm_squeeze;
 mod typical_price;
 mod ulcer_index;
 mod ultimate_oscillator;
+mod value_area;
 mod variance;
 mod vertical_horizontal_filter;
 mod vidya;
@@ -254,6 +257,7 @@ pub use hurst_channel::{HurstChannel, HurstChannelOutput};
 pub use hurst_exponent::HurstExponent;
 pub use ichimoku::{Ichimoku, IchimokuOutput};
 pub use inertia::Inertia;
+pub use initial_balance::{InitialBalance, InitialBalanceOutput};
 pub use instantaneous_trendline::InstantaneousTrendline;
 pub use inverse_fisher_transform::InverseFisherTransform;
 pub use jma::Jma;
@@ -280,6 +284,7 @@ pub use mom::Mom;
 pub use natr::Natr;
 pub use nvi::Nvi;
 pub use obv::Obv;
+pub use opening_range::{OpeningRange, OpeningRangeOutput};
 pub use parkinson::ParkinsonVolatility;
 pub use pearson_correlation::PearsonCorrelation;
 pub use percent_b::PercentB;
@@ -338,6 +343,7 @@ pub use ttm_squeeze::{TtmSqueeze, TtmSqueezeOutput};
 pub use typical_price::TypicalPrice;
 pub use ulcer_index::UlcerIndex;
 pub use ultimate_oscillator::UltimateOscillator;
+pub use value_area::{ValueArea, ValueAreaOutput};
 pub use variance::Variance;
 pub use vertical_horizontal_filter::VerticalHorizontalFilter;
 pub use vidya::Vidya;
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+//! Opening Range (OR): high / low of the first N session bars plus the
+//! current bar's breakout distance from the range midpoint.
+//!
+//! Conceptually identical to [`crate::InitialBalance`] but with two
+//! differences: the default window is shorter (6 = 30 min on 5-minute bars)
+//! and the output carries a third field, `breakout_distance`, which is the
+//! signed distance from the current candle's close to the range midpoint —
+//! positive for breakouts above the OR, negative for breakdowns. Callers
+//! MUST invoke [`Indicator::reset`] at every new session boundary to start
+//! a fresh OR.
+
+use crate::error::{Error, Result};
+use crate::ohlcv::Candle;
+use crate::traits::Indicator;
+
+/// Opening Range output: high, low and breakout distance from the OR midpoint.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
+pub struct OpeningRangeOutput {
+    /// Session-opening high established over the OR window.
+    pub high: f64,
+    /// Session-opening low established over the OR window.
+    pub low: f64,
+    /// Current bar's close minus the OR midpoint. Positive once price
+    /// trades above the range mid, negative below.
+    pub breakout_distance: f64,
+}
+
+/// Session Opening Range (first N bars + breakout distance).
+///
+/// `period` defaults to **6** — the canonical 30-minute opening range on
+/// 5-minute bars. Callers MUST invoke [`Indicator::reset`] at session
+/// boundaries; otherwise the OR locks after the first `period` bars and
+/// stays fixed for the remainder of the instance's life.
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```
+/// use wickra_core::{Candle, Indicator, OpeningRange};
+///
+/// let mut or = OpeningRange::new(2).unwrap();
+/// let bars = [
+///     Candle::new(100.0, 102.0, 99.0, 101.0, 10.0, 0).unwrap(),
+///     Candle::new(101.0, 103.0, 100.0, 102.0, 10.0, 1).unwrap(),
+///     // Now locked — breakout distance reflects close - (high + low) / 2.
+///     Candle::new(102.0, 110.0, 102.0, 105.0, 10.0, 2).unwrap(),
+/// ];
+/// for b in bars {
+///     or.update(b);
+/// }
+/// let v = or.value().unwrap();
+/// assert_eq!(v.high, 103.0);
+/// assert_eq!(v.low, 99.0);
+/// assert_eq!(v.breakout_distance, 105.0 - (103.0 + 99.0) / 2.0);
+/// ```
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct OpeningRange {
+    period: usize,
+    bars_seen: usize,
+    high: f64,
+    low: f64,
+    last_close: f64,
+    locked: bool,
+    last: Option<OpeningRangeOutput>,
+}
+
+impl OpeningRange {
+    /// Construct an Opening Range indicator with the given window length.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns [`Error::PeriodZero`] if `period == 0`.
+    pub fn new(period: usize) -> Result<Self> {
+        if period == 0 {
+            return Err(Error::PeriodZero);
+        }
+        Ok(Self {
+            period,
+            bars_seen: 0,
+            high: f64::NEG_INFINITY,
+            low: f64::INFINITY,
+            last_close: 0.0,
+            locked: false,
+            last: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Classic 6-bar Opening Range.
+    pub fn classic() -> Self {
+        Self::new(6).expect("classic OR period is valid")
+    }
+
+    /// Configured period.
+    pub const fn period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.period
+    }
+
+    /// Most recent output if at least one bar has been seen.
+    pub const fn value(&self) -> Option<OpeningRangeOutput> {
+        self.last
+    }
+
+    /// True once `period` bars have been ingested and the OR is locked.
+    pub const fn is_locked(&self) -> bool {
+        self.locked
+    }
+
+    fn snapshot(&self) -> OpeningRangeOutput {
+        let mid = f64::midpoint(self.high, self.low);
+        OpeningRangeOutput {
+            high: self.high,
+            low: self.low,
+            breakout_distance: self.last_close - mid,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Indicator for OpeningRange {
+    type Input = Candle;
+    type Output = OpeningRangeOutput;
+
+    fn update(&mut self, candle: Candle) -> Option<OpeningRangeOutput> {
+        if !self.locked {
+            if candle.high > self.high {
+                self.high = candle.high;
+            }
+            if candle.low < self.low {
+                self.low = candle.low;
+            }
+            self.bars_seen += 1;
+            if self.bars_seen >= self.period {
+                self.locked = true;
+            }
+        }
+        self.last_close = candle.close;
+        let out = self.snapshot();
+        self.last = Some(out);
+        Some(out)
+    }
+
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.bars_seen = 0;
+        self.high = f64::NEG_INFINITY;
+        self.low = f64::INFINITY;
+        self.last_close = 0.0;
+        self.locked = false;
+        self.last = None;
+    }
+
+    fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.bars_seen > 0
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
+        "OpeningRange"
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::traits::BatchExt;
+    use approx::assert_relative_eq;
+
+    fn c(high: f64, low: f64, close: f64, ts: i64) -> Candle {
+        let open = f64::midpoint(high, low);
+        Candle::new(open, high, low, close, 10.0, ts).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_zero_period() {
+        assert!(matches!(OpeningRange::new(0), Err(Error::PeriodZero)));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn accessors_and_metadata() {
+        let or = OpeningRange::new(6).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(or.period(), 6);
+        assert_eq!(or.name(), "OpeningRange");
+        assert_eq!(or.warmup_period(), 1);
+        assert!(or.value().is_none());
+        assert!(!or.is_locked());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn classic_is_constructible() {
+        let or = OpeningRange::classic();
+        assert_eq!(or.period(), 6);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn tracks_range_during_window() {
+        let mut or = OpeningRange::new(3).unwrap();
+        let o1 = or.update(c(102.0, 100.0, 101.0, 0)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(o1.high, 102.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(o1.low, 100.0);
+        // close 101 vs mid 101 → breakout 0.
+        assert_relative_eq!(o1.breakout_distance, 0.0, epsilon = 1e-12);
+        let o2 = or.update(c(105.0, 99.0, 104.0, 1)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(o2.high, 105.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(o2.low, 99.0);
+        // close 104 vs mid 102 → breakout 2.
+        assert_relative_eq!(o2.breakout_distance, 2.0, epsilon = 1e-12);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn locks_after_period_and_breakout_reflects_close_minus_mid() {
+        let mut or = OpeningRange::new(2).unwrap();
+        or.update(c(102.0, 100.0, 101.0, 0));
+        or.update(c(103.0, 101.0, 102.0, 1));
+        assert!(or.is_locked());
+        // OR locked at high 103, low 100, mid 101.5.
+        // Bar 2: wide candle ignored for high/low; close 105 -> breakout 3.5.
+        let after = or.update(c(200.0, 50.0, 105.0, 2)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(after.high, 103.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(after.low, 100.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(after.breakout_distance, 3.5, epsilon = 1e-12);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn breakout_distance_is_negative_below_range() {
+        let mut or = OpeningRange::new(2).unwrap();
+        or.update(c(102.0, 100.0, 101.0, 0));
+        or.update(c(103.0, 101.0, 102.0, 1));
+        // mid 101.5, close 90 -> -11.5.
+        let out = or.update(c(110.0, 89.0, 90.0, 2)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(out.breakout_distance, -11.5, epsilon = 1e-12);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reset_unlocks_and_clears_state() {
+        let mut or = OpeningRange::new(2).unwrap();
+        or.update(c(102.0, 100.0, 101.0, 0));
+        or.update(c(103.0, 101.0, 102.0, 1));
+        assert!(or.is_locked());
+        or.reset();
+        assert!(!or.is_locked());
+        assert!(!or.is_ready());
+        let o = or.update(c(50.0, 49.0, 49.5, 2)).unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(o.high, 50.0);
+        assert_relative_eq!(o.low, 49.0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn batch_equals_streaming() {
+        let candles: Vec<Candle> = (0..20)
+            .map(|i| {
+                let base = 100.0 + i as f64 * 0.25;
+                c(base + 1.0, base - 1.0, base, i)
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let mut a = OpeningRange::new(5).unwrap();
+        let mut b = OpeningRange::new(5).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            a.batch(&candles),
+            candles.iter().map(|x| b.update(*x)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn is_ready_after_first_bar() {
+        let mut or = OpeningRange::new(5).unwrap();
+        assert!(!or.is_ready());
+        or.update(c(101.0, 99.0, 100.0, 0));
+        assert!(or.is_ready());
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+//! Value Area (Point of Control + Value Area High / Low).
+//!
+//! Market-profile-style volume distribution over the last `period` candles,
+//! bucketed into `bin_count` price bins. Each candle's volume is spread
+//! uniformly across its `[low, high]` range (bin-approximation); single-print
+//! bars (`low == high`) dump their whole volume into a single bin. The
+//! Point of Control (POC) is the bin with the highest cumulative volume; the
+//! Value Area expands outward from the POC, always absorbing the
+//! higher-volume neighbour next, until the configured percentage of total
+//! volume (default 70%) is enclosed.
+
+use std::collections::VecDeque;
+
+use crate::error::{Error, Result};
+use crate::ohlcv::Candle;
+use crate::traits::Indicator;
+
+/// Value Area output: Point of Control, Value Area High and Value Area Low.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
+pub struct ValueAreaOutput {
+    /// Point of Control — price of the bin with the highest cumulative volume.
+    pub poc: f64,
+    /// Value Area High — upper bound of the bins that together hold
+    /// `value_area_pct` of the rolling-window volume.
+    pub vah: f64,
+    /// Value Area Low — lower bound of those same bins.
+    pub val: f64,
+}
+
+/// Rolling Value Area indicator over the last `period` candles.
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```
+/// use wickra_core::{Candle, Indicator, ValueArea};
+///
+/// let mut va = ValueArea::new(5, 50, 0.70).unwrap();
+/// for i in 0..10 {
+///     let base = 100.0 + f64::from(i);
+///     let candle =
+///         Candle::new(base, base + 2.0, base - 2.0, base, 10.0, i64::from(i)).unwrap();
+///     va.update(candle);
+/// }
+/// assert!(va.is_ready());
+/// ```
+#[allow(clippy::struct_field_names)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ValueArea {
+    period: usize,
+    bin_count: usize,
+    value_area_pct: f64,
+    window: VecDeque<Candle>,
+    last: Option<ValueAreaOutput>,
+}
+
+impl ValueArea {
+    /// Construct a Value Area indicator.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns [`Error::PeriodZero`] if `period` or `bin_count` is zero,
+    /// and [`Error::InvalidPeriod`] if `value_area_pct` is not in `(0, 1]`.
+    pub fn new(period: usize, bin_count: usize, value_area_pct: f64) -> Result<Self> {
+        if period == 0 || bin_count == 0 {
+            return Err(Error::PeriodZero);
+        }
+        if !value_area_pct.is_finite() || value_area_pct <= 0.0 || value_area_pct > 1.0 {
+            return Err(Error::InvalidPeriod {
+                message: "value_area_pct must be in (0, 1]",
+            });
+        }
+        Ok(Self {
+            period,
+            bin_count,
+            value_area_pct,
+            window: VecDeque::with_capacity(period),
+            last: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Classic Value Area: 20-bar rolling window, 50 bins, 70% concentration.
+    pub fn classic() -> Self {
+        Self::new(20, 50, 0.70).expect("classic ValueArea params are valid")
+    }
+
+    /// Configured `(period, bin_count, value_area_pct)`.
+    pub const fn params(&self) -> (usize, usize, f64) {
+        (self.period, self.bin_count, self.value_area_pct)
+    }
+
+    /// Most recent output if available.
+    pub const fn value(&self) -> Option<ValueAreaOutput> {
+        self.last
+    }
+
+    fn compute(&self) -> ValueAreaOutput {
+        // Window-wide low / high spans the histogram domain.
+        let mut win_low = f64::INFINITY;
+        let mut win_high = f64::NEG_INFINITY;
+        for c in &self.window {
+            if c.low < win_low {
+                win_low = c.low;
+            }
+            if c.high > win_high {
+                win_high = c.high;
+            }
+        }
+        let span = win_high - win_low;
+        let mut bins = vec![0.0_f64; self.bin_count];
+
+        // Distribute each candle's volume across its [low, high] range. A
+        // degenerate `low == high` bar drops its entire volume into one bin.
+        if span <= 0.0 {
+            // All bars are single-print at the same price — POC = that price,
+            // VAH = VAL = that price.
+            let total: f64 = self.window.iter().map(|c| c.volume).sum();
+            bins[0] = total;
+            return ValueAreaOutput {
+                poc: win_low,
+                vah: win_low,
+                val: win_low,
+            };
+        }
+        let bin_width = span / self.bin_count as f64;
+        for c in &self.window {
+            if c.volume == 0.0 {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if c.high <= c.low {
+                let idx = self.price_to_bin(c.low, win_low, bin_width);
+                bins[idx] += c.volume;
+                continue;
+            }
+            let lo_idx = self.price_to_bin(c.low, win_low, bin_width);
+            let hi_idx = self.price_to_bin(c.high, win_low, bin_width);
+            let touched = hi_idx - lo_idx + 1;
+            let share = c.volume / touched as f64;
+            for b in bins.iter_mut().take(hi_idx + 1).skip(lo_idx) {
+                *b += share;
+            }
+        }
+
+        let total: f64 = bins.iter().sum();
+        // POC = bin with highest volume.
+        let mut poc_idx = 0_usize;
+        let mut poc_vol = bins[0];
+        for (i, v) in bins.iter().enumerate().skip(1) {
+            if *v > poc_vol {
+                poc_vol = *v;
+                poc_idx = i;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Expand Value Area outward from POC. At each step take the
+        // higher-volume neighbour (up or down). Equal volumes break upward,
+        // matching the CME convention. The loop condition guarantees at
+        // least one of `can_go_up` / `can_go_down` is true on every body
+        // entry, so the inner `else` branch is always reachable.
+        let target = total * self.value_area_pct;
+        let mut accumulated = poc_vol;
+        let mut lo = poc_idx;
+        let mut hi = poc_idx;
+        while accumulated < target && (lo > 0 || hi + 1 < self.bin_count) {
+            let can_go_up = hi + 1 < self.bin_count;
+            let can_go_down = lo > 0;
+            let up_v = if can_go_up {
+                bins[hi + 1]
+            } else {
+                f64::NEG_INFINITY
+            };
+            let down_v = if can_go_down {
+                bins[lo - 1]
+            } else {
+                f64::NEG_INFINITY
+            };
+            if can_go_up && (up_v >= down_v || !can_go_down) {
+                hi += 1;
+                accumulated += up_v;
+            } else {
+                lo -= 1;
+                accumulated += down_v;
+            }
+        }
+
+        let bin_mid = |i: usize| win_low + bin_width * (i as f64 + 0.5);
+        ValueAreaOutput {
+            poc: bin_mid(poc_idx),
+            vah: win_low + bin_width * (hi as f64 + 1.0),
+            val: win_low + bin_width * lo as f64,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn price_to_bin(&self, price: f64, win_low: f64, bin_width: f64) -> usize {
+        // Clamp the float into [0, bin_count - 1] before casting so the
+        // `as usize` step cannot overflow or wrap.
+        let raw = ((price - win_low) / bin_width).floor();
+        let max = (self.bin_count - 1) as f64;
+        raw.clamp(0.0, max) as usize
+    }
+}
+
+impl Indicator for ValueArea {
+    type Input = Candle;
+    type Output = ValueAreaOutput;
+
+    fn update(&mut self, candle: Candle) -> Option<ValueAreaOutput> {
+        if self.window.len() == self.period {
+            self.window.pop_front();
+        }
+        self.window.push_back(candle);
+        if self.window.len() < self.period {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let out = self.compute();
+        self.last = Some(out);
+        Some(out)
+    }
+
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.window.clear();
+        self.last = None;
+    }
+
+    fn warmup_period(&self) -> usize {
+        self.period
+    }
+
+    fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        self.last.is_some()
+    }
+
+    fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
+        "ValueArea"
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::traits::BatchExt;
+    use approx::assert_relative_eq;
+
+    fn c(open: f64, high: f64, low: f64, close: f64, volume: f64, ts: i64) -> Candle {
+        Candle::new(open, high, low, close, volume, ts).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_zero_period() {
+        assert!(matches!(ValueArea::new(0, 50, 0.7), Err(Error::PeriodZero)));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_zero_bin_count() {
+        assert!(matches!(ValueArea::new(20, 0, 0.7), Err(Error::PeriodZero)));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_invalid_value_area_pct() {
+        assert!(matches!(
+            ValueArea::new(20, 50, 0.0),
+            Err(Error::InvalidPeriod { .. })
+        ));
+        assert!(matches!(
+            ValueArea::new(20, 50, 1.5),
+            Err(Error::InvalidPeriod { .. })
+        ));
+        assert!(matches!(
+            ValueArea::new(20, 50, f64::NAN),
+            Err(Error::InvalidPeriod { .. })
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn accessors_and_metadata() {
+        let v = ValueArea::new(20, 50, 0.7).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(v.params(), (20, 50, 0.7));
+        assert_eq!(v.name(), "ValueArea");
+        assert_eq!(v.warmup_period(), 20);
+        assert!(v.value().is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn classic_is_constructible() {
+        let v = ValueArea::classic();
+        assert_eq!(v.params(), (20, 50, 0.70));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn warmup_emits_after_period() {
+        let mut v = ValueArea::new(5, 10, 0.7).unwrap();
+        for i in 0..4 {
+            let base = 100.0;
+            assert!(v
+                .update(c(base, base + 1.0, base - 1.0, base, 10.0, i))
+                .is_none());
+        }
+        let out = v
+            .update(c(100.0, 101.0, 99.0, 100.0, 10.0, 4))
+            .expect("ready after period");
+        // All five bars are identical, so POC == bar mid; VAH/VAL bracket
+        // the window high/low.
+        assert!(out.vah >= out.poc);
+        assert!(out.poc >= out.val);
+        assert!(v.is_ready());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn batch_equals_streaming() {
+        let candles: Vec<Candle> = (0..40)
+            .map(|i| {
+                let base = 100.0 + (i as f64).sin();
+                c(base, base + 1.0, base - 1.0, base, 10.0 + i as f64, i)
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let mut a = ValueArea::new(10, 20, 0.7).unwrap();
+        let mut b = ValueArea::new(10, 20, 0.7).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            a.batch(&candles),
+            candles.iter().map(|x| b.update(*x)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reset_clears_state() {
+        let candles: Vec<Candle> = (0..20)
+            .map(|i| c(100.0, 101.0, 99.0, 100.0, 10.0, i))
+            .collect();
+        let mut v = ValueArea::new(5, 10, 0.7).unwrap();
+        v.batch(&candles);
+        assert!(v.is_ready());
+        v.reset();
+        assert!(!v.is_ready());
+        assert_eq!(v.update(candles[0]), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn constant_single_print_yields_collapsed_value_area() {
+        // Every bar trades at exactly 100 (low == high == 100) — the
+        // histogram has zero span so POC == VAH == VAL == 100.
+        let candles: Vec<Candle> = (0..10)
+            .map(|i| c(100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 5.0, i))
+            .collect();
+        let mut v = ValueArea::new(5, 20, 0.7).unwrap();
+        let out = v.batch(&candles).into_iter().flatten().last().unwrap();
+        assert_relative_eq!(out.poc, 100.0, epsilon = 1e-12);
+        assert_relative_eq!(out.vah, 100.0, epsilon = 1e-12);
+        assert_relative_eq!(out.val, 100.0, epsilon = 1e-12);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn single_print_bar_in_mixed_window_dumps_volume_into_one_bin() {
+        // Mix of wide-range bars (drive the window's span > 0) and one
+        // single-print bar at price 102 with massive volume. The single-print
+        // bar must dump its entire volume into one bin, making the POC land
+        // exactly on the bin that contains 102.
+        let candles = vec![
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 1.0, 0),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 1.0, 1),
+            c(102.0, 102.0, 102.0, 102.0, 1000.0, 2),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 1.0, 3),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 1.0, 4),
+        ];
+        let mut v = ValueArea::new(5, 50, 0.70).unwrap();
+        let out = v.batch(&candles).into_iter().flatten().last().unwrap();
+        // POC must sit in the high-volume bin that holds price 102.
+        assert!(
+            (101.9..=102.1).contains(&out.poc),
+            "POC {} not near 102",
+            out.poc
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn concentrated_volume_locates_poc_at_high_volume_bar() {
+        // Bars 0..3 sit at price 100 with volume 1; bar 4 dumps massive
+        // volume at price 110. POC must land near 110.
+        let mut candles = vec![
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 1.0, 0),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 1.0, 1),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 1.0, 2),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 1.0, 3),
+        ];
+        candles.push(c(110.0, 110.5, 109.5, 110.0, 1000.0, 4));
+        let mut v = ValueArea::new(5, 50, 0.70).unwrap();
+        let out = v.batch(&candles).into_iter().flatten().last().unwrap();
+        // POC must fall inside the high-volume bar's [low, high] range; ties
+        // among equal-volume bins resolve to the lowest index, so the POC
+        // sits on the left edge of bar 4's range rather than at its midpoint.
+        assert!(
+            (109.5..=110.5).contains(&out.poc),
+            "POC {} not inside [109.5, 110.5]",
+            out.poc
+        );
+        // VAH and VAL bracket POC.
+        assert!(out.vah >= out.poc);
+        assert!(out.val <= out.poc);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn value_area_brackets_point_of_control() {
+        let candles: Vec<Candle> = (0..30)
+            .map(|i| {
+                let base = 100.0 + (i as f64).cos() * 2.0;
+                c(base, base + 0.5, base - 0.5, base, 10.0, i)
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let mut v = ValueArea::new(15, 30, 0.70).unwrap();
+        for o in v.batch(&candles).into_iter().flatten() {
+            assert!(o.vah >= o.poc, "VAH {} < POC {}", o.vah, o.poc);
+            assert!(o.val <= o.poc, "VAL {} > POC {}", o.val, o.poc);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn zero_volume_bars_are_skipped_in_histogram() {
+        // Only bar 4 carries any volume — POC must land at its mid.
+        let candles = vec![
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 0.0, 0),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 0.0, 1),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 0.0, 2),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 0.0, 3),
+            c(100.0, 100.5, 99.5, 100.0, 50.0, 4),
+        ];
+        let mut v = ValueArea::new(5, 20, 0.7).unwrap();
+        let out = v.batch(&candles).into_iter().flatten().last().unwrap();
+        assert!(out.poc.is_finite());
+        assert!(out.vah.is_finite());
+        assert!(out.val.is_finite());
+    }
+}
@@ -59,21 +59,22 @@ pub use indicators::{
    FisherTransform, ForceIndex, FractalChaosBands, FractalChaosBandsOutput, Frama,
    GarmanKlassVolatility, HeikinAshi, HeikinAshiOutput, HiLoActivator, HilbertDominantCycle,
    HistoricalVolatility, Hma, HurstChannel, HurstChannelOutput, HurstExponent, Ichimoku,
-    IchimokuOutput, Inertia, InstantaneousTrendline, InverseFisherTransform, Jma, Kama, Keltner,
-    KeltnerOutput, Kst, KstOutput, Kurtosis, Kvo, LaguerreRsi, LinRegAngle, LinRegChannel,
-    LinRegChannelOutput, LinRegSlope, LinearRegression, MaEnvelope, MaEnvelopeOutput,
-    MacdIndicator, MacdOutput, Mama, MamaOutput, MarketFacilitationIndex, MassIndex,
-    McGinleyDynamic, MedianAbsoluteDeviation, MedianPrice, Mfi, Mom, Natr, Nvi, Obv,
-    ParkinsonVolatility, PearsonCorrelation, PercentB, PercentageTrailingStop, Pgo, Pmo, Ppo, Psar,
-    Pvi, RSquared, RenkoTrailingStop, Roc, RogersSatchellVolatility, RollingVwap, RoofingFilter,
-    Rsi, Rvi, RviVolatility, Rwi, RwiOutput, SineWave, Skewness, Sma, Smi, Smma,
-    SpearmanCorrelation, StandardError, StandardErrorBands, StandardErrorBandsOutput, StarcBands,
-    StarcBandsOutput, Stc, StdDev, StepTrailingStop, StochRsi, Stochastic, StochasticOutput,
-    SuperSmoother, SuperTrend, SuperTrendOutput, TdCombo, TdCountdown, TdDeMarker, TdDifferential,
-    TdLines, TdLinesOutput, TdOpen, TdPressure, TdRangeProjection, TdRangeProjectionOutput, TdRei,
-    TdRiskLevel, TdRiskLevelOutput, TdSequential, TdSequentialOutput, TdSetup, Tema, Tii, Trima,
-    Trix, TrueRange, Tsi, Tsv, TtmSqueeze, TtmSqueezeOutput, TypicalPrice, UlcerIndex,
-    UltimateOscillator, Variance, VerticalHorizontalFilter, Vidya, VoltyStop, VolumeOscillator,
+    IchimokuOutput, Inertia, InitialBalance, InitialBalanceOutput, InstantaneousTrendline,
+    InverseFisherTransform, Jma, Kama, Keltner, KeltnerOutput, Kst, KstOutput, Kurtosis, Kvo,
+    LaguerreRsi, LinRegAngle, LinRegChannel, LinRegChannelOutput, LinRegSlope, LinearRegression,
+    MaEnvelope, MaEnvelopeOutput, MacdIndicator, MacdOutput, Mama, MamaOutput,
+    MarketFacilitationIndex, MassIndex, McGinleyDynamic, MedianAbsoluteDeviation, MedianPrice, Mfi,
+    Mom, Natr, Nvi, Obv, OpeningRange, OpeningRangeOutput, ParkinsonVolatility, PearsonCorrelation,
+    PercentB, PercentageTrailingStop, Pgo, Pmo, Ppo, Psar, Pvi, RSquared, RenkoTrailingStop, Roc,
+    RogersSatchellVolatility, RollingVwap, RoofingFilter, Rsi, Rvi, RviVolatility, Rwi, RwiOutput,
+    SineWave, Skewness, Sma, Smi, Smma, SpearmanCorrelation, StandardError, StandardErrorBands,
+    StandardErrorBandsOutput, StarcBands, StarcBandsOutput, Stc, StdDev, StepTrailingStop,
+    StochRsi, Stochastic, StochasticOutput, SuperSmoother, SuperTrend, SuperTrendOutput, TdCombo,
+    TdCountdown, TdDeMarker, TdDifferential, TdLines, TdLinesOutput, TdOpen, TdPressure,
+    TdRangeProjection, TdRangeProjectionOutput, TdRei, TdRiskLevel, TdRiskLevelOutput,
+    TdSequential, TdSequentialOutput, TdSetup, Tema, Tii, Trima, Trix, TrueRange, Tsi, Tsv,
+    TtmSqueeze, TtmSqueezeOutput, TypicalPrice, UlcerIndex, UltimateOscillator, ValueArea,
+    ValueAreaOutput, Variance, VerticalHorizontalFilter, Vidya, VoltyStop, VolumeOscillator,
    VolumePriceTrend, Vortex, VortexOutput, Vwap, VwapStdDevBands, VwapStdDevBandsOutput, Vwma,
    Vzo, WaveTrend, WaveTrendOutput, WeightedClose, WilliamsFractals, WilliamsFractalsOutput,
    WilliamsR, Wma, WoodiePivots, WoodiePivotsOutput, YangZhangVolatility, YoyoExit, ZScore,
@@ -25,16 +25,16 @@ use wickra::{
    DemarkPivots, DetrendedStdDev, DonchianStop, DoubleBollinger, EhlersStochastic, Ema,
    EmpiricalModeDecomposition, Fama, FibonacciPivots, FisherTransform, FractalChaosBands, Frama,
    GarmanKlassVolatility, HeikinAshi, HiLoActivator, HilbertDominantCycle, HurstChannel,
-    HurstExponent, Ichimoku, Indicator, InstantaneousTrendline, InverseFisherTransform, Jma, Kst,
-    Kurtosis, Kvo, LinRegChannel, MaEnvelope, MacdIndicator, Mama, MarketFacilitationIndex,
-    McGinleyDynamic, MedianAbsoluteDeviation, Nvi, Obv, ParkinsonVolatility,
-    PercentageTrailingStop, Pgo, Pvi, RSquared, RenkoTrailingStop, RogersSatchellVolatility,
-    RoofingFilter, Rsi, Rvi, RviVolatility, Rwi, SineWave, Skewness, Sma, StandardError,
-    StandardErrorBands, StarcBands, StepTrailingStop, Stochastic, SuperSmoother, TdCombo,
-    TdCountdown, TdDeMarker, TdDifferential, TdLines, TdOpen, TdPressure, TdRangeProjection, TdRei,
-    TdRiskLevel, TdSequential, TdSetup, Tii, Tsv, TtmSqueeze, Variance, Vidya, VoltyStop,
-    VolumeOscillator, VwapStdDevBands, Vzo, WaveTrend, WilliamsFractals, Wma, WoodiePivots,
-    YangZhangVolatility, YoyoExit, ZigZag,
+    HurstExponent, Ichimoku, Indicator, InitialBalance, InstantaneousTrendline,
+    InverseFisherTransform, Jma, Kst, Kurtosis, Kvo, LinRegChannel, MaEnvelope, MacdIndicator,
+    Mama, MarketFacilitationIndex, McGinleyDynamic, MedianAbsoluteDeviation, Nvi, Obv,
+    OpeningRange, ParkinsonVolatility, PercentageTrailingStop, Pgo, Pvi, RSquared,
+    RenkoTrailingStop, RogersSatchellVolatility, RoofingFilter, Rsi, Rvi, RviVolatility, Rwi,
+    SineWave, Skewness, Sma, StandardError, StandardErrorBands, StarcBands, StepTrailingStop,
+    Stochastic, SuperSmoother, TdCombo, TdCountdown, TdDeMarker, TdDifferential, TdLines, TdOpen,
+    TdPressure, TdRangeProjection, TdRei, TdRiskLevel, TdSequential, TdSetup, Tii, Tsv, TtmSqueeze,
+    ValueArea, Variance, Vidya, VoltyStop, VolumeOscillator, VwapStdDevBands, Vzo, WaveTrend,
+    WilliamsFractals, Wma, WoodiePivots, YangZhangVolatility, YoyoExit, ZigZag,
 };
 use wickra_data::csv::CandleReader;

@@ -387,6 +387,17 @@ fn benches(c: &mut Criterion) {
    bench_scalar(c, "hurst_exponent", &closes, || {
        HurstExponent::new(100, 4).unwrap()
    });
+
+    // --- Family 16: Market Profile ---
+    bench_candle_input(c, "value_area", &candles, || {
+        ValueArea::new(20, 50, 0.70).unwrap()
+    });
+    bench_candle_input(c, "initial_balance", &candles, || {
+        InitialBalance::new(12).unwrap()
+    });
+    bench_candle_input(c, "opening_range", &candles, || {
+        OpeningRange::new(6).unwrap()
+    });
 }

 /// Variant of `bench_scalar` for scalar-input indicators whose output is *not*
@@ -28,15 +28,16 @@ use wickra_core::{
    AwesomeOscillatorHistogram, BalanceOfPower, BatchExt, Camarilla, Candle, Cci,
    ChaikinMoneyFlow, ChaikinOscillator, ChaikinVolatility, ChandeKrollStop, ChandelierExit,
    ChoppinessIndex, ClassicPivots, DemandIndex, DemarkPivots, Donchian, DonchianStop,
-    EaseOfMovement, Evwma, FibonacciPivots, ForceIndex, FractalChaosBands,
-    GarmanKlassVolatility, HeikinAshi, HiLoActivator, HurstChannel, Ichimoku, Indicator,
-    Inertia, Keltner, Kvo, MarketFacilitationIndex, MassIndex, MedianPrice, Mfi, Natr, Nvi,
-    Obv, ParkinsonVolatility, Pgo, Psar, Pvi, RogersSatchellVolatility, RollingVwap, Rvi, Rwi,
-    Smi, StarcBands, Stochastic, SuperTrend, TdCombo, TdCountdown, TdDeMarker, TdDifferential,
+    EaseOfMovement, Evwma, FibonacciPivots, ForceIndex, FractalChaosBands, GarmanKlassVolatility,
+    HeikinAshi, HiLoActivator, HurstChannel, Ichimoku, Indicator, Inertia, InitialBalance,
+    Keltner, Kvo, MarketFacilitationIndex, MassIndex, MedianPrice, Mfi, Natr, Nvi, Obv,
+    OpeningRange, ParkinsonVolatility, Pgo, Psar, Pvi, RogersSatchellVolatility, RollingVwap, Rvi,
+    Rwi, Smi, StarcBands, Stochastic, SuperTrend, TdCombo, TdCountdown, TdDeMarker, TdDifferential,
    TdLines, TdOpen, TdPressure, TdRangeProjection, TdRei, TdRiskLevel, TdSequential, TdSetup,
-    TrueRange, Tsv, TtmSqueeze, TypicalPrice, UltimateOscillator, VoltyStop, VolumeOscillator,
-    VolumePriceTrend, Vortex, Vwap, VwapStdDevBands, Vwma, Vzo, WaveTrend, WeightedClose,
-    WilliamsFractals, WilliamsR, WoodiePivots, YangZhangVolatility, YoyoExit, ZigZag,
+    TrueRange, Tsv, TtmSqueeze, TypicalPrice, UltimateOscillator, ValueArea, VoltyStop,
+    VolumeOscillator, VolumePriceTrend, Vortex, Vwap, VwapStdDevBands, Vwma, Vzo, WaveTrend,
+    WeightedClose, WilliamsFractals, WilliamsR, WoodiePivots, YangZhangVolatility, YoyoExit,
+    ZigZag,
 };

 /// Convert a flat `f64` stream into a `Vec<Candle>` by chunking it into
@@ -166,6 +167,11 @@ fuzz_target!(|data: Vec<f64>| {
        let _ = Stochastic::new(14, 3).unwrap().batch(&candles);
    }

+    // --- Market Profile (multi-output) ---
+    drive(|| ValueArea::new(20, 50, 0.70).unwrap(), &candles);
+    drive(|| InitialBalance::new(12).unwrap(), &candles);
+    drive(|| OpeningRange::new(6).unwrap(), &candles);
+
    // --- Ichimoku (5 lines, hand-rolled because of multi-Option output) ---
    {
        let mut ichi = Ichimoku::classic();