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docs: references - update enterprise architecture template
This commit is contained in:
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@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
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| 新项目结构怎么搭 | [项目架构模板](#reference-engineering-practice-1-项目架构模板) |
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| Python 项目骨架怎么搭 | [通用 Python 项目骨架](#reference-engineering-practice-通用-python-项目骨架) |
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| 企业级项目架构怎么搭 | [企业级 Monorepo / Multi-repo 项目架构标准模板](#reference-engineering-practice-企业级-monorepo-multi-repo-项目架构标准模板) |
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| 企业级项目架构怎么搭 | [Enterprise Monorepo / Multi-Repo Reference Architecture Template](#reference-engineering-practice-enterprise-monorepo-multi-repo-reference-architecture-template) |
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| AI 代码质量怎么卡住 | [AI 编程质量门禁与常见坑](#quality-gates) |
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| 系统提示词怎么写 | [系统提示词构建原则](#reference-engineering-practice-1-系统提示词构建原则) |
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| 强前置条件怎么约束 | [强前置条件约束](#reference-engineering-practice-2-强前置条件约束) |
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@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
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- [3. Python Web/API 项目结构](#reference-engineering-practice-3-python-webapi-项目结构)
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- [4. 数据科学 / 量化项目结构](#reference-engineering-practice-4-数据科学-量化项目结构)
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- [5. Monorepo 项目结构](#reference-engineering-practice-5-monorepo-项目结构)
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- [企业级 monorepo / multi-repo 项目架构标准模板](#reference-engineering-practice-企业级-monorepo-multi-repo-项目架构标准模板)
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- [Enterprise Monorepo / Multi-Repo Reference Architecture Template](#reference-engineering-practice-enterprise-monorepo-multi-repo-reference-architecture-template)
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- [6. Full-Stack Web 应用结构](#reference-engineering-practice-6-full-stack-web-应用结构)
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- [7. Dataset First 数据服务结构](#reference-engineering-practice-7-dataset-first-数据服务结构)
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- [一句话](#reference-engineering-practice-一句话)
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@@ -1291,33 +1291,36 @@ project-monorepo/
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- `contracts/` 存 API schema、事件 schema、数据契约,作为跨服务真相源。
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- 顶层脚本只做编排,不隐藏服务内部逻辑。
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<a id="reference-engineering-practice-企业级-monorepo-multi-repo-项目架构标准模板"></a>
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#### 企业级 monorepo / multi-repo 项目架构标准模板
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<a id="reference-engineering-practice-enterprise-monorepo-multi-repo-reference-architecture-template"></a>
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#### Enterprise Monorepo / Multi-Repo Reference Architecture Template
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版本:v1.0
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定位:共识级企业参考模型
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适用:中大型工程组织、平台工程、技术中台、多产品线、AI / 数据 / 云原生系统
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版本:v1.3
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定位:国际通用企业级参考模型
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适用:中大型工程组织、Platform Engineering、Internal Developer Platform (IDP)、Platform Services、
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多产品线、AI / Data / Cloud Native systems
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---
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##### 1. 总体原则
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企业级项目架构不应只按“前端 / 后端 / 基础设施 / 文档”粗分,而应按以下几类长期稳定的企业真相划分:
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企业级项目架构不应只按“frontend / backend / infrastructure / docs”粗分,而应按长期稳定的
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enterprise truth sources 与 operating surfaces 划分:
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| 顶层目录 | 核心职责 | 真相类型 |
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| -------------------- | ------------------------------------ | ------- |
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| `governance/` | 标准、Owner、ADR、SLO、风险、复盘、门禁 | 规则与演进真相 |
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| `contracts/` | API、事件、Schema、数据集、资源、策略 | 跨层契约真相 |
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| `catalog/` | 系统、组件、资源、Owner、生命周期 | 软件资产真相 |
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| `infra/` | 基础设施、运行、交付、观测、安全、成本 | 运行底座真相 |
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| `internal-platform/` | 内部开发者平台、模板、自助化、门户 | 开发者体验真相 |
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| `middle-platform/` | 数据、API、计算、AI、消息、身份等复用能力 | 技术中台能力 |
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| `products/` | Web、Mobile、Bot、Admin、Reporting 等产品入口 | 用户价值交付 |
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| `shared/` | 极薄共享库、SDK、测试夹具 | 低层复用能力 |
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| 顶层目录 | International description | Truth / boundary type |
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| -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- |
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| `governance/` | Engineering Governance: standards, owners, ADRs, SLOs, risks, reviews, gates | Engineering governance truth |
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| `contracts/` | Interface Contract Registry: APIs, events, schemas, datasets, resources, policies | Machine-readable contract truth |
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| `catalog/` | Software Catalog / Asset Inventory: systems, components, resources, owners, lifecycle | Software asset ownership truth |
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| `infra/` | Infrastructure and Operations: infrastructure, runtime, delivery, observability, security, cost | Operational foundation truth |
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| `internal-platform/` | Internal Developer Platform (IDP): paved roads, templates, self-service, portal | Developer experience truth |
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| `middle-platform/` | Platform Services / Shared Capabilities: data, API, compute, AI, messaging, identity | Reusable platform capability truth |
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| `services/` | Deployable Service Runtime: APIs, workers, jobs, bots, publishers, service-owned adapters | Runtime service boundary truth |
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| `products/` | Product Surfaces: web, mobile, bot, admin, reporting, user/operator workflows | Product delivery truth |
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| `shared/` | Thin Shared Libraries / SDKs: low-level libraries, SDKs, fixtures | Thin reuse boundary |
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> 最终模型:
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> **governance + contracts + catalog + infra + internal-platform + middle-platform + products**
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> `shared/` 是辅助层,不应膨胀成新的业务中台。
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> **governance + contracts + catalog + infra + internal-platform + middle-platform + services + products**
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> `shared/` 是辅助层,不应膨胀成新的 platform service 或 product backend。
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---
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@@ -1325,84 +1328,106 @@ project-monorepo/
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```text
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repo/
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├── governance/ # 治理真相:标准、owner、ADR、SLO、风险、复盘、门禁
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│ ├── standards/ # 工程标准、安全标准、代码规范、架构原则
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│ ├── decisions/ # ADR:Architecture Decision Records
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│ ├── ownership/ # Owner、RACI、值班、升级路径
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│ ├── slo/ # SLI、SLO、error budget、服务等级目标
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│ ├── risks/ # 风险登记、威胁模型、合规风险
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│ ├── gates/ # 发布门禁、安全门禁、质量门禁
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│ └── postmortems/ # 事故复盘、行动项、长期修复
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├── governance/ # Engineering Governance: standards, owners, ADRs, SLOs, risks, reviews, gates
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│ ├── standards/ # Engineering, security, coding, architecture standards
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│ ├── decisions/ # ADR: Architecture Decision Records
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│ ├── ownership/ # Owners, RACI, on-call, escalation paths
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│ ├── slo/ # SLI, SLO, error budget, service level objectives
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│ ├── risks/ # Risk register, threat model, compliance risks
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│ ├── gates/ # Release, security, quality, architecture gates
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│ ├── change-records/ # Task trees, migration evidence, rollback runbooks
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│ └── postmortems/ # Incident reviews, action items, long-term fixes
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│
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├── contracts/ # 机器可读契约:跨层边界的唯一真相
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│ ├── apis/ # OpenAPI、GraphQL schema、RPC IDL
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│ ├── events/ # AsyncAPI、事件定义、topic、订阅约定
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│ ├── schemas/ # JSON Schema、Proto、Avro、Parquet schema
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│ ├── datasets/ # 数据集契约、数据产品、质量规则、血缘
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│ ├── resources/ # 云资源、K8s CRD、Terraform module interface
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│ └── policies/ # OPA、Rego、IAM policy、数据访问策略
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├── contracts/ # Interface Contract Registry: the machine-readable truth across boundaries
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│ ├── apis/ # OpenAPI, GraphQL schema, RPC IDL
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│ ├── events/ # AsyncAPI, event definitions, topics, subscription contracts
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│ ├── schemas/ # JSON Schema, Proto, Avro, Parquet schema
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│ ├── datasets/ # Dataset contracts, data products, quality rules, lineage
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│ ├── resources/ # Cloud resources, K8s CRDs, Terraform module interfaces
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│ └── policies/ # OPA, Rego, IAM policies, data access policies
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│
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├── catalog/ # 软件资产目录:系统、组件、资源、API、owner、生命周期
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│ ├── systems/ # System 定义:产品域、平台域、业务系统
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│ ├── components/ # Component 定义:服务、库、任务、前端应用
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│ ├── resources/ # Resource 定义:DB、queue、bucket、cache、cluster
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│ ├── domains/ # Domain 定义:业务域、技术域、平台域
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│ └── scorecards/ # 健康度、成熟度、安全、可靠性评分
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├── catalog/ # Software Catalog / Asset Inventory: systems, components, resources, APIs, owners, lifecycle
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│ ├── systems/ # System definitions: product domains, platform domains, business systems
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│ ├── components/ # Component definitions: services, libraries, jobs, frontend apps
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│ ├── resources/ # Resource definitions: DB, queue, bucket, cache, cluster
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│ ├── domains/ # Domain definitions: business, technology, platform domains
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│ └── scorecards/ # Health, maturity, security, reliability scorecards
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│
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├── infra/ # 基础设施与运行底座
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│ ├── control-plane/ # 拓扑、生命周期、状态控制、cluster management
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│ ├── resource-plane/ # compute、network、storage、database、queue
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│ ├── runtime-plane/ # worker、daemon、job、scheduler、queue consumer
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│ ├── delivery-plane/ # CI/CD、制品、发布、回滚、环境提升
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│ ├── observability/ # logs、metrics、traces、health、alerts、dashboards
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│ ├── security/ # secrets、IAM、policy enforcement、audit
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│ ├── environments/ # local、dev、staging、production、dr
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│ ├── disaster-recovery/ # backup、restore、runbook、演练
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│ └── cost/ # FinOps、预算、资源归属、成本归因
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├── infra/ # Infrastructure and Operations
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│ ├── control-plane/ # Topology, lifecycle, state control, cluster management
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│ ├── resource-plane/ # Compute, network, storage, database, queue
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│ ├── runtime-plane/ # Worker, daemon, job, scheduler, queue consumer
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│ ├── delivery-plane/ # CI/CD, artifacts, release, rollback, environment promotion
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│ ├── observability/ # Logs, metrics, traces, health, alerts, dashboards
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│ ├── security/ # Secrets, IAM, policy enforcement, audit
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│ ├── container/ # Docker image matrix, Compose entry points, registry policy
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│ ├── kubernetes/ # K8s base, workloads, policies, networking, operations
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│ ├── gitops/ # Argo CD / Flux desired state, promotion, rollback
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│ ├── environments/ # Local, dev, staging, production, DR
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│ ├── disaster-recovery/ # Backup, restore, runbook, game day
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│ └── cost/ # FinOps, budget, resource ownership, cost attribution
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│
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├── internal-platform/ # 内部开发者平台 IDP,不等于业务中台
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│ ├── portal/ # Backstage 类开发者入口
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│ ├── templates/ # golden paths、脚手架、服务模板
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│ ├── orchestration/ # provision、workflow、automation
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│ ├── developer-tools/ # CLI、SDK、诊断工具、本地开发工具
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│ ├── scorecards/ # 服务健康、质量、安全、成熟度评分
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│ └── docs/ # 平台用户文档、接入指南、FAQ
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├── internal-platform/ # Internal Developer Platform (IDP), not a business capability platform
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│ ├── portal/ # Backstage-style developer portal
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│ ├── templates/ # Golden paths, scaffolding, service templates
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│ ├── orchestration/ # Provisioning, workflow, automation
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│ ├── developer-tools/ # CLI, SDK, diagnostics, local development tools
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│ ├── scorecards/ # Service health, quality, security, maturity scorecards
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│ └── docs/ # Platform user docs, onboarding guides, FAQ
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│
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├── middle-platform/ # 技术中台:业务无关、产品复用的公共能力
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│ ├── data-platform/ # ingestion、quality、lineage、catalog、serving
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│ ├── api-platform/ # gateway、query、auth、rate limit、schema
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│ ├── compute-platform/ # batch、stream、derived jobs、task execution
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│ ├── ai-platform/ # LLM、prompt、tool、context、eval、agent runtime
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│ ├── messaging-platform/ # notification、event、subscription、push
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│ ├── integration-platform/ # external API、webhook、provider adapter
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│ ├── identity-platform/ # account、authn、authz、tenant
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│ ├── search-platform/ # indexing、retrieval、ranking
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│ └── experimentation-platform/ # A/B、feature flag、experiment metrics
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├── middle-platform/ # Platform Services / Shared Capabilities for multiple product surfaces
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│ ├── data-platform/ # Ingestion, quality, lineage, catalog, serving
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│ ├── api-platform/ # Gateway, query, auth, rate limit, schema
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│ ├── compute-platform/ # Batch, stream, derived jobs, task execution
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│ ├── ai-platform/ # LLM, prompt, tool, context, eval, agent runtime
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│ ├── messaging-platform/ # Notification, event, subscription, push
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│ ├── integration-platform/ # External APIs, webhooks, provider adapters
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│ ├── identity-platform/ # Account, AuthN, AuthZ, tenant
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│ ├── search-platform/ # Indexing, retrieval, ranking
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│ └── experimentation-platform/ # A/B testing, feature flags, experiment metrics
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│
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├── products/ # 产品与渠道,直接面向用户或业务场景
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│ ├── web/ # Web 产品
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│ ├── mobile/ # 移动端产品
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│ ├── bot/ # Bot、Agent、Chat 入口
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│ ├── admin/ # 管理后台、运营后台
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│ └── reporting/ # 报表、BI、经营分析入口
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├── services/ # Deployable Service Runtime, grouped by domain and deployable boundary
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│ ├── query/ # Query/API services and read facades
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│ │ └── query-api/
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│ ├── data/ # Data ingestion workers, sync jobs, source adapters
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│ │ └── source-worker/
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│ ├── compute/ # Derived compute, batch jobs, stream processors
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│ │ └── derived-worker/
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│ ├── channels/ # Bot, chat, webhook or notification channel services
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│ │ └── chat-bot/
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│ ├── publishing/ # External publishing and export services
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│ │ └── report-publisher/
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│ └── domain-specific/ # Optional business or technical domain service group
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│ └── domain-service/
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│
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├── shared/ # 极薄共享库,只放真正跨域复用的低层代码
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│ ├── libraries/ # 通用基础库
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│ ├── sdks/ # 对外或内部 SDK
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│ └── test-fixtures/ # 跨域测试夹具
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├── products/ # Product Surfaces for users, operators, or business workflows
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│ ├── web/ # Web product surface
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│ ├── mobile/ # Mobile product surface
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│ ├── bot/ # Bot, agent, chat surface
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│ ├── admin/ # Admin and operations console
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│ └── reporting/ # Reporting, BI, business analytics surface
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│
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├── tools/ # 仓库级工具:codegen、lint、verify、migration helpers
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├── docs/ # 文档入口,不替代 governance/contracts/catalog
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└── ci/ 或 .github/ # CI workflow 入口
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├── shared/ # Thin Shared Libraries / SDKs; only stable low-level reuse belongs here
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│ ├── libraries/ # General-purpose low-level libraries
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│ ├── sdks/ # External or internal SDKs
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│ └── test-fixtures/ # Cross-domain test fixtures
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│
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├── tools/ # Developer Tooling: codegen, lint, verify, migration helpers
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├── scripts/ # Repo automation entry points
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│ └── gates/ # Executable repo gates for structure, contracts, runtime readiness
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├── tests/ # Cross-cutting tests that do not belong to one service
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│ └── repo-gates/ # Repository structure and architecture guard tests
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├── docs/ # Documentation Hub; does not replace governance/contracts/catalog
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└── ci/ or .github/ # CI workflow entry points
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```
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---
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##### 3. 顶层目录职责说明
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##### 3.1 `governance/`:规则与演进真相
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##### 3.1 `governance/`: Engineering Governance
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用于承载组织级工程治理,不放业务代码。
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用于承载组织级 Engineering Governance,不放业务代码。
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应包含:
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@@ -1427,23 +1452,27 @@ governance/
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│ ├── release-gate.yaml
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│ ├── security-gate.yaml
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│ └── architecture-gate.yaml
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├── change-records/
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│ └── migration-record-template.md
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└── postmortems/
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└── postmortem-template.md
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```
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核心规则:
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* 架构决策必须进入 `decisions/`
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* Owner 与升级路径必须进入 `ownership/`
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* 架构决策必须进入 `decisions/`,以 ADR 形式长期留痕
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* Owner、RACI、on-call 与 escalation path 必须进入 `ownership/`
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* 生产系统必须定义 SLO
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* 架构迁移、服务化拆分、运行时接入必须留下 task tree、evidence report 和 rollback runbook
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* 事故必须有复盘和行动项
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* 发布、安全、质量门禁应机器可执行
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* 发布、安全、质量、架构门禁应尽量机器可执行
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---
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##### 3.2 `contracts/`:跨层契约真相
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##### 3.2 `contracts/`: Interface Contract Registry
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用于放置机器可读契约,避免接口、事件、数据模型散落在代码注释或文档里。
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用于放置 machine-readable interface contracts,避免 API、events、schemas、datasets、
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resources、policies 散落在代码注释或普通文档里。
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推荐结构:
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@@ -1478,15 +1507,15 @@ contracts/
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* API 变更必须先更新契约
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* 事件字段变更必须兼容旧消费者
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* Dataset 必须声明 owner、schema、质量规则、生命周期
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* Policy 应尽量机器可执行
|
||||
* 契约变更必须进入 CI 校验
|
||||
* Dataset contract 必须声明 owner、schema、quality rules、lifecycle
|
||||
* Policy 应尽量以 policy-as-code 形式机器可执行
|
||||
* Contract change 必须进入 CI 校验
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
##### 3.3 `catalog/`:软件资产真相
|
||||
##### 3.3 `catalog/`: Software Catalog / Asset Inventory
|
||||
|
||||
用于记录系统、组件、资源、API、Domain、Owner、Lifecycle。
|
||||
用于记录 systems、components、resources、APIs、domains、owners、lifecycle。
|
||||
|
||||
推荐结构:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1530,16 +1559,17 @@ slo:
|
||||
|
||||
核心规则:
|
||||
|
||||
* 没有 owner 的系统不允许进入生产
|
||||
* 没有 catalog 的服务不应接入发布流水线
|
||||
* 资源必须能追溯到系统、团队和成本中心
|
||||
* 没有 owner 的 system 不允许进入 production
|
||||
* 没有 catalog entry 的 service 不应接入 release pipeline
|
||||
* Resource 必须能追溯到 system、team、cost center
|
||||
* Lifecycle 必须明确:experimental、development、production、deprecated、retired
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
##### 3.4 `infra/`:基础设施与运行底座
|
||||
##### 3.4 `infra/`: Infrastructure and Operations
|
||||
|
||||
`infra/` 负责运行、交付、安全、观测、灾备和成本,不承载业务逻辑。
|
||||
`infra/` 负责 Infrastructure and Operations:运行、交付、安全、观测、灾备和成本,
|
||||
不承载业务逻辑。
|
||||
|
||||
推荐结构:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1551,6 +1581,20 @@ infra/
|
||||
├── delivery-plane/
|
||||
├── observability/
|
||||
├── security/
|
||||
├── container/
|
||||
│ ├── image-matrix.yaml # image name、build context、platform、owner、runtime
|
||||
│ ├── compose.yaml # local / integration orchestration entry point
|
||||
│ └── registries.yaml # registry、tag policy、retention、signing policy
|
||||
├── kubernetes/
|
||||
│ ├── base/ # namespace、RBAC、quota、limit range、storage class
|
||||
│ ├── workloads/ # shared workload conventions and reusable manifests
|
||||
│ ├── networking/ # ingress、gateway、service mesh、network policy
|
||||
│ ├── policies/ # admission, security, resource and deployment policies
|
||||
│ └── operations/ # cluster runbooks, upgrade, backup, recovery, diagnostics
|
||||
├── gitops/
|
||||
│ ├── apps/ # Argo CD / Flux application definitions
|
||||
│ ├── environments/ # env overlays and promotion targets
|
||||
│ └── sync-waves/ # dependency order and rollout sequencing
|
||||
├── environments/
|
||||
│ ├── local/
|
||||
│ ├── dev/
|
||||
@@ -1563,17 +1607,22 @@ infra/
|
||||
|
||||
核心规则:
|
||||
|
||||
* 环境配置必须显式分离
|
||||
* 生产变更必须可审计、可回滚
|
||||
* 关键资源必须有备份、恢复方案和演练记录
|
||||
* 观测能力应覆盖 logs、metrics、traces、alerts、dashboards
|
||||
* 成本必须能归因到 owner、system、environment
|
||||
* Environment configuration 必须显式分离
|
||||
* Production change 必须可审计、可回滚
|
||||
* Tier-1 resources 必须有 backup、restore plan、game day 记录
|
||||
* Observability 应覆盖 logs、metrics、traces、alerts、dashboards
|
||||
* Cost 必须能归因到 owner、system、environment
|
||||
* `infra/container/` 管镜像矩阵、Compose 总入口和 registry policy;每个服务仍保留自己的 `Dockerfile`
|
||||
* `infra/kubernetes/` 管集群级 K8s 基线、策略、网络和运维;服务级 workload intent 留在各自 `services/<domain>/<service>/deploy/`
|
||||
* `infra/gitops/` 管 desired state、environment promotion、sync order 和 rollback,不应放业务逻辑
|
||||
* 生产环境检查必须区分 read-only inspection 与 deployment/change;没有明确授权时只允许只读取证,不做远端变更
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
##### 3.5 `internal-platform/`:内部开发者平台
|
||||
##### 3.5 `internal-platform/`: Internal Developer Platform (IDP)
|
||||
|
||||
这是 IDP,不是业务中台。它服务的是内部开发者,目标是降低交付复杂度。
|
||||
这是 Internal Developer Platform (IDP),不是 business domain platform,也不是某个 product backend。
|
||||
它服务的是内部开发者,目标是用 paved roads、self-service 和 automation 降低交付复杂度。
|
||||
|
||||
推荐结构:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1589,15 +1638,15 @@ internal-platform/
|
||||
|
||||
典型能力:
|
||||
|
||||
* 服务创建模板
|
||||
* Golden path
|
||||
* 自助资源申请
|
||||
* 服务注册
|
||||
* CI/CD 接入
|
||||
* 发布操作入口
|
||||
* 服务健康评分
|
||||
* 诊断工具
|
||||
* 开发者文档
|
||||
* Service scaffolding templates
|
||||
* Golden paths / paved roads
|
||||
* Self-service resource provisioning
|
||||
* Service registration
|
||||
* CI/CD onboarding
|
||||
* Release operation entry points
|
||||
* Service health scorecards
|
||||
* Diagnostics tooling
|
||||
* Developer documentation
|
||||
|
||||
核心规则:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1607,9 +1656,10 @@ internal-platform/
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
##### 3.6 `middle-platform/`:技术中台
|
||||
##### 3.6 `middle-platform/`: Platform Services / Shared Capabilities
|
||||
|
||||
技术中台是可被多个产品复用的公共技术能力,不直接面向最终业务场景交付。
|
||||
`middle-platform/` 对应国际语境中的 Platform Services / Shared Capabilities。
|
||||
它提供多个 product surfaces 可复用的平台能力,不直接承载最终用户工作流,也不服务某一个单一产品。
|
||||
|
||||
推荐结构:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1630,29 +1680,81 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
|
||||
| 子平台 | 职责 |
|
||||
| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
|
||||
| `data-platform/` | 数据采集、质量、血缘、目录、服务化 |
|
||||
| `api-platform/` | Gateway、认证、限流、Schema、查询层 |
|
||||
| `compute-platform/` | Batch、Stream、任务调度、派生计算 |
|
||||
| `ai-platform/` | LLM、Prompt、Tool、Context、Eval、Agent Runtime |
|
||||
| `messaging-platform/` | 通知、事件、订阅、Push |
|
||||
| `integration-platform/` | 外部 API、Webhook、Provider Adapter |
|
||||
| `identity-platform/` | Account、AuthN、AuthZ、Tenant |
|
||||
| `search-platform/` | 索引、召回、排序、检索 |
|
||||
| `experimentation-platform/` | A/B、Feature Flag、实验指标 |
|
||||
| `data-platform/` | Ingestion、quality、lineage、catalog、serving |
|
||||
| `api-platform/` | Gateway、auth、rate limit、schema、query layer |
|
||||
| `compute-platform/` | Batch、stream、job orchestration、derived compute |
|
||||
| `ai-platform/` | LLM、prompt、tool、context、eval、agent runtime |
|
||||
| `messaging-platform/` | Notification、events、subscriptions、push |
|
||||
| `integration-platform/` | External APIs、webhooks、provider adapters |
|
||||
| `identity-platform/` | Account、AuthN、AuthZ、tenant |
|
||||
| `search-platform/` | Indexing、retrieval、ranking、search |
|
||||
| `experimentation-platform/` | A/B testing、feature flags、experiment metrics |
|
||||
|
||||
核心规则:
|
||||
|
||||
* 可以依赖 `infra/`
|
||||
* 可以暴露能力给 `products/`
|
||||
* 可以通过 contracts 暴露能力给 `products/`
|
||||
* 不应依赖 `products/`
|
||||
* 不应承载某个单一产品的专属业务逻辑
|
||||
* 能力必须产品化:契约、文档、SLO、Owner、接入方式都要明确
|
||||
* 不应承载某个单一 product surface 的专属业务逻辑
|
||||
* Platform capability 必须产品化:contract、docs、SLO、owner、onboarding path 都要明确
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
##### 3.7 `products/`:产品与渠道
|
||||
##### 3.7 `services/`: Deployable Service Runtime
|
||||
|
||||
产品层直接面向用户或具体业务场景。
|
||||
`services/` 承载可以独立运行、测试、部署、扩缩容和回滚的 runtime units。
|
||||
它回答“系统里到底有哪些服务,以及每个服务的责任、入口、数据边界、依赖和部署形态是什么”。
|
||||
|
||||
推荐结构:
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
services/
|
||||
├── query/
|
||||
│ └── query-api/
|
||||
├── data/
|
||||
│ └── source-worker/
|
||||
├── compute/
|
||||
│ └── derived-worker/
|
||||
├── channels/
|
||||
│ └── chat-bot/
|
||||
├── publishing/
|
||||
│ └── report-publisher/
|
||||
└── domain-specific/
|
||||
└── domain-service/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
每个 service root 建议至少包含:
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
service-name/
|
||||
├── src/
|
||||
├── tests/
|
||||
├── deploy/
|
||||
│ ├── compose.yaml # service-level local/integration runtime intent
|
||||
│ └── k8s.yaml # service-level simple workload intent; larger setups may use helm/kustomize
|
||||
├── docs/
|
||||
├── service.yaml # owner、lifecycle、entrypoints、data access、dependencies、runtime
|
||||
├── Dockerfile
|
||||
├── entrypoint.sh
|
||||
├── README.md
|
||||
└── AGENTS.md
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
核心规则:
|
||||
|
||||
* 一个 service root 必须对应一个清晰的 runtime boundary
|
||||
* API、worker、cronjob、daemon、bot、publisher 都可以是 service,但 library / SDK / template 不应伪装成 service
|
||||
* `services/<domain>/<service>/service.yaml` 应声明 owner、lifecycle、entrypoints、ports、data access、dependencies、SLO、deploy、rollback
|
||||
* `services/<domain>/<service>/deploy/compose.yaml` 和 `services/<domain>/<service>/deploy/k8s.yaml` 用于声明服务级 runtime intent
|
||||
* 每个 service root 应至少能提供 start、stop、health、test、verify、build image 和 deploy dry-run 的标准入口
|
||||
* `services/` 可以实现 `middle-platform/` 暴露的能力,也可以支撑 `products/` 的交付面,但不能绕过 `contracts/` 和 `catalog/`
|
||||
* 容器化、Compose、Kubernetes 或 systemd 只应作用在边界清楚的 service root 上
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
##### 3.8 `products/`: Product Surfaces
|
||||
|
||||
Product Surfaces 直接面向 end users、operators 或具体 business workflows。
|
||||
|
||||
推荐结构:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1667,17 +1769,17 @@ products/
|
||||
|
||||
核心规则:
|
||||
|
||||
* 产品可以消费 `middle-platform/` 暴露的能力
|
||||
* 产品可以使用 `internal-platform/` 提供的开发、发布、自助能力
|
||||
* 产品不应直接绕过契约访问底层资源
|
||||
* 产品特有逻辑留在产品内,不要污染中台
|
||||
* 多产品复用前,先证明确实跨产品稳定复用
|
||||
* Product surface 可以消费 `services/` 或 `middle-platform/` 暴露的 capabilities
|
||||
* Product team 可以使用 `internal-platform/` 提供的开发、发布、自助能力
|
||||
* Product surface 不应直接绕过 contracts 访问底层 resources
|
||||
* Product-specific logic 留在产品内,不要污染 Platform Services
|
||||
* 多产品复用前,先证明确实跨 product surfaces 稳定复用
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
##### 3.8 `shared/`:极薄共享层
|
||||
##### 3.9 `shared/`: Thin Shared Libraries / SDKs
|
||||
|
||||
`shared/` 是最容易变成垃圾桶的目录,必须严格限制。
|
||||
`shared/` 是最容易变成 `common` 垃圾桶的目录,必须严格限制。
|
||||
|
||||
允许放:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1690,12 +1792,12 @@ shared/
|
||||
|
||||
适合放:
|
||||
|
||||
* 无业务语义的基础库
|
||||
* 无业务语义的 low-level libraries
|
||||
* SDK
|
||||
* 类型工具
|
||||
* 通用测试夹具
|
||||
* Codegen runtime
|
||||
* 跨域稳定协议适配
|
||||
* 跨域稳定 protocol adapters
|
||||
|
||||
不适合放:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1707,7 +1809,7 @@ shared/
|
||||
|
||||
核心规则:
|
||||
|
||||
> `shared/` 必须薄。
|
||||
> `shared/` 必须是 thin shared layer。
|
||||
> 一旦它开始承载业务语义,就说明边界设计已经失控。
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
@@ -1717,34 +1819,37 @@ shared/
|
||||
推荐依赖方向:
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
products
|
||||
products / product surfaces
|
||||
↓
|
||||
middle-platform
|
||||
services / deployable runtime services
|
||||
↓
|
||||
middle-platform / platform services
|
||||
↓
|
||||
infra
|
||||
|
||||
internal-platform
|
||||
internal-platform / IDP
|
||||
↓
|
||||
infra
|
||||
|
||||
contracts ← 被所有层引用
|
||||
catalog ← 被所有层注册
|
||||
governance ← 约束所有层
|
||||
shared ← 仅提供极薄低层复用
|
||||
contracts ← referenced by all layers
|
||||
catalog ← registered by all layers
|
||||
governance ← constrains all layers
|
||||
shared ← provides only thin low-level reuse
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
##### 强制边界规则
|
||||
|
||||
| 规则 | 说明 |
|
||||
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
|
||||
| `products` 只能消费 `middle-platform` / `internal-platform` 暴露的接口 | 不直接绕过契约访问底层资源 |
|
||||
| `middle-platform` 可以依赖 `infra` | 但不能依赖 `products` |
|
||||
| `internal-platform` 服务开发者 | 不承载业务领域能力 |
|
||||
| `infra` 不写业务逻辑 | 只负责运行、交付、安全、观测、成本 |
|
||||
| `contracts` 是跨层接口真相 | API、event、schema、dataset、resource、policy 都应机器可读 |
|
||||
| `catalog` 是资产和 owner 真相 | 系统、组件、资源、Owner、Lifecycle 必须可查 |
|
||||
| `governance` 是规则和演进真相 | 标准、ADR、SLO、复盘、门禁不可散落 |
|
||||
| `shared` 必须极薄 | 不允许变成 `common` 垃圾桶 |
|
||||
| 规则 | 说明 |
|
||||
| --- | --- |
|
||||
| `products` 只能消费 `services` / `middle-platform` / `internal-platform` 暴露的接口 | 不直接绕过 contracts 访问底层 resources |
|
||||
| `services` 是 deployable runtime boundary | 每个服务必须声明 owner、entrypoints、dependencies、data access、deploy、rollback |
|
||||
| `middle-platform` 可以依赖 `infra` | 但不能依赖 `products` |
|
||||
| `internal-platform` 服务内部开发者 | 不承载 business domain capabilities |
|
||||
| `infra` 不写业务逻辑 | 只负责 runtime、delivery、security、observability、cost |
|
||||
| `contracts` 是 Interface Contract Registry | API、event、schema、dataset、resource、policy 都应机器可读 |
|
||||
| `catalog` 是 Software Catalog / Asset Inventory | System、component、resource、owner、lifecycle 必须可查 |
|
||||
| `governance` 是 Engineering Governance truth | Standard、ADR、SLO、postmortem、gate 不可散落 |
|
||||
| `shared` 必须是 thin shared layer | 不允许变成 `common` 垃圾桶 |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1758,7 +1863,7 @@ shared ← 仅提供极薄低层复用
|
||||
- 已登记 catalog
|
||||
- 已指定 owner
|
||||
- 已定义 lifecycle
|
||||
- 已声明依赖关系
|
||||
- 已声明 service boundary 和依赖关系
|
||||
- 已定义 API / event / dataset / resource 契约
|
||||
- 已有最小 SLO
|
||||
- 已有日志、指标、追踪或健康检查
|
||||
@@ -1794,7 +1899,8 @@ shared ← 仅提供极薄低层复用
|
||||
|
||||
##### 6. 每个服务的推荐最小结构
|
||||
|
||||
适用于 `products/` 或 `middle-platform/` 下的具体服务。
|
||||
适用于 `services/<domain>/<service>/` 下的 deployable service。
|
||||
`products/` 或 `middle-platform/` 内部若仍直接承载可部署服务,也应先迁入或映射到同等 service root contract。
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
service-name/
|
||||
@@ -1810,11 +1916,14 @@ service-name/
|
||||
│ ├── runbook.md
|
||||
│ └── troubleshooting.md
|
||||
├── deploy/
|
||||
│ ├── compose.yaml
|
||||
│ ├── k8s.yaml
|
||||
│ ├── helm/
|
||||
│ ├── kustomize/
|
||||
│ └── terraform/
|
||||
├── contracts/
|
||||
│ └── README.md # 本服务私有契约说明,正式契约仍进入 repo/contracts
|
||||
│ └── README.md # 本服务私有契约说明;正式契约仍进入 repo/contracts
|
||||
├── service.yaml # 服务运行契约:owner、entrypoints、data access、dependencies、deploy、rollback
|
||||
├── catalog-info.yaml
|
||||
├── CODEOWNERS
|
||||
└── README.md
|
||||
@@ -1826,31 +1935,31 @@ service-name/
|
||||
#### Service Name
|
||||
|
||||
##### Purpose
|
||||
这个服务解决什么问题。
|
||||
这个 service / component 解决什么问题。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Owner
|
||||
团队、负责人、值班与升级路径。
|
||||
Team、owner、on-call 与 escalation path。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Runtime
|
||||
运行方式、依赖、端口、环境变量。
|
||||
Runtime、dependencies、ports、environment variables。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Contracts
|
||||
提供哪些 API、事件、数据集或资源。
|
||||
提供哪些 APIs、events、datasets 或 resources。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Dependencies
|
||||
依赖哪些服务、资源、外部系统。
|
||||
依赖哪些 services、resources、external systems。
|
||||
|
||||
##### SLO
|
||||
可用性、延迟、错误率、吞吐等目标。
|
||||
Availability、latency、error rate、throughput 等目标。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Observability
|
||||
日志、指标、追踪、Dashboard、告警。
|
||||
Logs、metrics、traces、dashboards、alerts。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Deployment
|
||||
发布方式、回滚方式、环境提升规则。
|
||||
Release、rollback、environment promotion rules。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Runbook
|
||||
常见故障、排查步骤、恢复步骤。
|
||||
Common failures、diagnosis steps、recovery steps。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Lifecycle
|
||||
experimental / development / production / deprecated / retired。
|
||||
@@ -1862,7 +1971,7 @@ experimental / development / production / deprecated / retired。
|
||||
|
||||
不建议一开始就把所有目录做满。更现实的落地方式是分阶段推进。
|
||||
|
||||
##### Phase 1:最小企业可用
|
||||
##### Phase 1:Minimum Enterprise Baseline
|
||||
|
||||
先落地:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1871,6 +1980,7 @@ governance/
|
||||
contracts/
|
||||
catalog/
|
||||
infra/
|
||||
services/
|
||||
products/
|
||||
shared/
|
||||
```
|
||||
@@ -1879,15 +1989,19 @@ shared/
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
- Owner
|
||||
- Catalog
|
||||
- API / Event / Schema 契约
|
||||
- Catalog entry
|
||||
- API / Event / Schema contracts
|
||||
- Service runtime contracts
|
||||
- Per-service Dockerfile, entrypoint and deploy skeleton
|
||||
- Container image matrix and Compose aggregate entry point
|
||||
- Kubernetes and GitOps skeleton, before production rollout
|
||||
- CI
|
||||
- 基础环境
|
||||
- 基础观测
|
||||
- 发布回滚
|
||||
- Base environments
|
||||
- Base observability
|
||||
- Release and rollback
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
##### Phase 2:平台化
|
||||
##### Phase 2:Platform Engineering
|
||||
|
||||
增加:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1899,17 +2013,19 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
重点建设:
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
- Golden path
|
||||
- 服务模板
|
||||
- 自助资源申请
|
||||
- 平台门户
|
||||
- 数据平台
|
||||
- API 平台
|
||||
- 身份平台
|
||||
- 消息平台
|
||||
- Golden paths / paved roads
|
||||
- Service templates
|
||||
- Self-service provisioning
|
||||
- Developer portal
|
||||
- Data platform
|
||||
- API platform
|
||||
- Identity platform
|
||||
- Messaging platform
|
||||
- Service catalog / service scorecards
|
||||
- Runtime readiness scorecards
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
##### Phase 3:治理自动化
|
||||
##### Phase 3:Governance Automation
|
||||
|
||||
强化:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1927,18 +2043,24 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
|
||||
##### 8. 常见反模式
|
||||
|
||||
| 反模式 | 问题 |
|
||||
| ------------------------- | ----------------------- |
|
||||
| 把所有公共代码放进 `shared/common` | 很快变成无法治理的垃圾桶 |
|
||||
| `infra` 里写业务逻辑 | 基础设施和产品边界失控 |
|
||||
| `middle-platform` 服务某一个产品 | 中台退化成产品后端 |
|
||||
| 没有 `contracts` | 跨团队协作靠口头约定和代码注释 |
|
||||
| 没有 `catalog` | 系统多了以后找不到 owner、依赖和生命周期 |
|
||||
| 没有 `governance` | 目录结构会慢慢腐烂 |
|
||||
| 只有 Portal,没有平台能力 | 只是入口,不是 IDP |
|
||||
| 只有文档,没有机器可读契约 | 无法自动校验和治理 |
|
||||
| 所有团队直接操作底层资源 | 平台无法形成抽象和复用 |
|
||||
| SLO 只写在 PPT 里 | 不能参与发布、告警和复盘 |
|
||||
| 反模式 | 问题 |
|
||||
| --- | --- |
|
||||
| 把所有公共代码放进 `shared/common` | 很快变成无法治理的 common dumping ground |
|
||||
| `infra` 里写业务逻辑 | Infrastructure 与 Product Surfaces 边界失控 |
|
||||
| `middle-platform` 服务某一个产品 | Platform Services 退化成 product backend |
|
||||
| 把 library、template 或脚本目录伪装成 `services` | Runtime boundary 虚假,后续 Docker/Kubernetes 只会放大耦合 |
|
||||
| 还没确认服务边界就先上容器编排 | 只是把耦合系统搬进更复杂的运行环境 |
|
||||
| 只有 Dockerfile,没有 service contract | 镜像能构建,但没人知道 owner、入口、依赖、数据权限和回滚方式 |
|
||||
| 每个服务各写一套 Kubernetes 规则 | 集群策略、资源限制、探针、网络和安全基线会漂移 |
|
||||
| GitOps 里混入手工补丁和业务逻辑 | desired state 失真,回滚和审计都不可靠 |
|
||||
| 生产检查和生产变更没有分开 | 只读巡检可能误变成部署动作,风险不可审计 |
|
||||
| 没有 `contracts` | 跨团队协作靠口头约定和代码注释 |
|
||||
| 没有 `catalog` | 系统多了以后找不到 owner、dependency、lifecycle |
|
||||
| 没有 `governance` | 目录结构会慢慢腐烂 |
|
||||
| 只有 Portal,没有 platform capability | 只是入口,不是 IDP |
|
||||
| 只有文档,没有 machine-readable contracts | 无法自动校验和治理 |
|
||||
| 所有团队直接操作底层 resources | 平台无法形成抽象和复用 |
|
||||
| SLO 只写在 PPT 里 | 不能参与 release gate、alerting、incident review |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1949,7 +2071,7 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `governance/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否定义组织级规则、决策、门禁、风险、SLO、复盘?
|
||||
它是否定义 organization-level standards、decisions、gates、risks、SLO、postmortems?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `governance/`。
|
||||
@@ -1957,7 +2079,7 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `contracts/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否是跨团队、跨层、跨系统的机器可读接口?
|
||||
它是否是跨 team、layer、system 的 machine-readable interface contract?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `contracts/`。
|
||||
@@ -1965,7 +2087,7 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `catalog/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否描述系统、组件、资源、Owner、生命周期?
|
||||
它是否描述 systems、components、resources、owners、lifecycle?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `catalog/`。
|
||||
@@ -1973,7 +2095,7 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `infra/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否负责运行、交付、环境、资源、安全、观测、成本?
|
||||
它是否负责 runtime、delivery、environments、resources、security、observability、cost?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `infra/`。
|
||||
@@ -1981,7 +2103,7 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `internal-platform/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否服务内部开发者,提高开发、交付、运维效率?
|
||||
它是否服务 internal developers,提供 paved roads、self-service、developer experience?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `internal-platform/`。
|
||||
@@ -1989,15 +2111,47 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `middle-platform/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否是多个产品可复用的技术能力,而不是某个产品的业务逻辑?
|
||||
它是否是多个 product surfaces 可复用的 platform capability,而不是某个产品的业务逻辑?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `middle-platform/`。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `services/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否是可以独立启动、停止、健康检查、测试、部署、扩缩容、回滚的 runtime unit?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `services/<domain>/<service>/`。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `infra/container/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否定义跨服务复用的 image matrix、Compose aggregate、registry、tag、retention 或 signing policy?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `infra/container/`。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `infra/kubernetes/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否定义 cluster-level Kubernetes baseline、namespace、RBAC、quota、networking、policy、shared workload convention 或 operations runbook?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `infra/kubernetes/`。单个服务自己的 workload intent 仍优先放在 `services/<domain>/<service>/deploy/`。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `infra/gitops/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否定义 desired state、environment overlay、promotion、sync order、rollback 或 Argo CD / Flux application?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `infra/gitops/`。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `products/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否直接面向用户、渠道、业务场景或运营场景?
|
||||
它是否直接面向 users、operators、channels、business workflows?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,则进入 `products/`。
|
||||
@@ -2005,7 +2159,7 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
##### 是否进入 `shared/`
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
它是否是无业务语义、低层、稳定、跨域复用的薄能力?
|
||||
它是否是无 business semantics、low-level、stable、cross-domain 的 thin reuse?
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
是,才进入 `shared/`。
|
||||
@@ -2017,13 +2171,14 @@ middle-platform/
|
||||
这个模型的关键不是目录多,而是把企业软件系统中不同类型的“真相”分开:
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
governance = 规则和演进真相
|
||||
contracts = 跨层契约真相
|
||||
catalog = 资产和 owner 真相
|
||||
infra = 运行底座真相
|
||||
internal-platform = 开发者体验真相
|
||||
middle-platform = 可复用技术能力真相
|
||||
products = 用户价值交付真相
|
||||
governance = Engineering Governance truth
|
||||
contracts = Interface Contract truth
|
||||
catalog = Software Catalog / Asset Inventory truth
|
||||
infra = Infrastructure and Operations truth
|
||||
internal-platform = Internal Developer Platform (IDP) truth
|
||||
middle-platform = Platform Services / Shared Capabilities truth
|
||||
services = Deployable Service Runtime truth
|
||||
products = Product Surfaces truth
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
所以,较完善的企业级项目架构不应只是“四层架构”,而应是:
|
||||
@@ -2035,6 +2190,7 @@ governance
|
||||
+ infra
|
||||
+ internal-platform
|
||||
+ middle-platform
|
||||
+ services
|
||||
+ products
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -2044,7 +2200,8 @@ governance
|
||||
shared
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这是一套更接近现代平台工程、SRE、GitOps、软件资产目录、数据治理和企业级安全治理共识的参考模型。实际落地时可以裁剪,但不建议混淆这些边界。
|
||||
这是一套更接近现代 Platform Engineering、SRE、GitOps、Software Catalog、Data Governance、
|
||||
Security Governance 与 IDP 共识的参考模型。实际落地时可以裁剪,但不建议混淆这些边界。
|
||||
|
||||
<a id="reference-engineering-practice-6-full-stack-web-应用结构"></a>
|
||||
#### 6. Full-Stack Web 应用结构
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user