Translate README to English and enhance content
Updated README to provide English translations and improve clarity.
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# LSTM量化交易教学项目 - EURUSD H1策略
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## 项目简介
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基于深度学习LSTM网络的外汇量化交易完整解决方案,使用真实EURUSD历史数据训练模型,通过ONNX格式在MT5平台实现实盘交易。本项目涵盖从数据获取、模型训练、导出到回测的完整工作流,是学习AI量化交易的理想教学案例。
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## 技术栈
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- **深度学习框架**: PyTorch 2.5+ (支持CUDA GPU加速)
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- **模型架构**: LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory)
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- **模型格式**: ONNX (跨平台部署)
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- **交易平台**: MetaTrader 5
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- **编程语言**: Python 3.11 + MQL5
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- **数据源**: MT5实时行情数据
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## LSTM在量化交易中的优势
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**LSTM (长短期记忆网络)** 是循环神经网络(RNN)的变体,特别适合时间序列预测:
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1. **长期依赖捕捉**: 通过门控机制(遗忘门、输入门、输出门)记住长期价格趋势
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2. **自动特征提取**: 无需手动构造技术指标,直接从原始OHLCV数据学习
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3. **非线性建模**: 可拟合复杂的市场动态,优于传统线性模型
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4. **梯度稳定性**: 解决传统RNN的梯度消失问题,支持深层网络训练
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## 项目文件结构
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```
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LSTM/
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├── requirements.txt # Python依赖包清单
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├── train_lstm.py # 训练脚本(支持GPU加速)
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├── lstm_model.onnx # 训练生成的ONNX模型(~11KB)
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├── scaler_params.npy # MinMax归一化参数
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├── training_loss.png # 训练曲线图(自动生成)
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├── LSTM_EA.mq5 # MQL5交易EA代码
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├── prompt_simple.txt # 简单版提示词模板
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├── prompt_professional.txt # 专业版提示词模板
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└── README.md # 项目文档
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```
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## 快速开始
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### 环境准备
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**硬件要求**:
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- CPU: 任意现代处理器
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- GPU: NVIDIA显卡(可选,推荐RTX系列)
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- 内存: 8GB+
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- 硬盘: 1GB可用空间
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**软件要求**:
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- Python 3.11+
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- MetaTrader 5 (已登录账户)
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- CUDA 12.1+ (GPU训练需要)
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### 1. 安装依赖
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```bash
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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```
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**依赖包说明**:
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- `torch`: PyTorch深度学习框架
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- `onnx`: ONNX模型格式支持
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- `MetaTrader5`: MT5 Python API
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- `pandas`: 数据处理
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- `scikit-learn`: 数据归一化
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- `numpy`: 数值计算
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**安装GPU版PyTorch** (如有NVIDIA显卡):
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```bash
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pip uninstall torch torchvision torchaudio -y
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pip install torch torchvision torchaudio --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu121
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```
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### 2. 训练模型
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```bash
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python train_lstm.py
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```
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**训练流程**:
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1. 自动检测CUDA并使用GPU加速(如可用)
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2. 连接MT5终端获取EURUSD历史数据
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3. 使用MinMaxScaler归一化OHLCV数据
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4. **数据集划分**: 80%训练集 + 20%验证集
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5. **智能训练**: 最多500个epoch,支持早停机制
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6. **验证监控**: 实时追踪训练Loss和验证Loss
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7. **最佳模型保存**: 自动保存验证Loss最低的模型
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8. **可视化**: 生成训练曲线图(training_loss.png)
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9. 导出ONNX格式模型
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10. 保存归一化参数供推理使用
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**训练输出示例**:
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```
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使用设备: cuda
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GPU型号: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090
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获取到 31,053 条EURUSD H1数据
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训练集形状: torch.Size([24833, 10, 5])
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验证集形状: torch.Size([6209, 10, 5])
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开始训练...
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Epoch 10 | 训练Loss: 0.307397 | 验证Loss: 0.301387
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Epoch 20 | 训练Loss: 0.198500 | 验证Loss: 0.189706
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...
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Epoch 164 | 训练Loss: 0.000424 | 验证Loss: 0.000152 ← 最佳模型
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早停触发! 验证损失已经20个epoch没有改善
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已恢复最佳模型 (Epoch 164)
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训练总结:
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总训练轮数: 184 epochs
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最佳模型: Epoch 164
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最佳验证Loss: 0.000152
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✓ 模型状态: 良好,没有明显的过拟合
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训练曲线已保存: training_loss.png
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ONNX模型已保存: lstm_model.onnx (10.27 KB)
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```
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### 3. 部署到MT5
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#### 步骤A: 复制ONNX模型
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```
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将 lstm_model.onnx 复制到:
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MT5安装目录/MQL5/Files/lstm_model.onnx
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```
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#### 步骤B: 验证归一化参数
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训练脚本会输出归一化参数,确保与 `LSTM_EA.mq5` 第20-21行一致:
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```cpp
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double data_min[5] = {0.95383, 0.95586, 0.95351, 0.95383, 9.00000};
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double data_max[5] = {1.23394, 1.23485, 1.23327, 1.23396, 24004.00000};
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```
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#### 步骤C: 编译EA
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1. 将 `LSTM_EA.mq5` 复制到 `MT5/MQL5/Experts/`
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2. 在MetaEditor中打开并编译(F7)
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#### 步骤D: 策略回测
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1. 打开策略测试器(Ctrl+R)
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2. 配置参数:
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- EA: LSTM_EA
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- 品种: EURUSD
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- 周期: H1
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- 模式: 每笔成交
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- 日期: 选择样本外数据(如最近3个月)
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- 初始资金: 10,000 USD
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3. 点击"开始"运行回测
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### 4. EA参数说明
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| 参数 | 默认值 | 说明 |
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|------|--------|------|
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| LotSize | 0.01 | 每笔交易手数 |
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| StopLoss | 100 | 止损点数 |
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| TakeProfit | 150 | 止盈点数 |
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## 模型架构详解
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### 网络结构
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```
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输入层: [batch_size, 10, 5]
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├─ 10: 时间步长(10根历史K线)
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└─ 5: 特征维度(OHLCV)
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↓
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LSTM层: input_size=5, hidden_size=20, num_layers=1
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├─ 遗忘门: 决定丢弃哪些历史信息
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├─ 输入门: 决定存储哪些新信息
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└─ 输出门: 决定输出哪些信息
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↓
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全连接层: Linear(20 → 1)
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↓
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输出层: [batch_size, 1]
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└─ 预测下一根K线收盘价(归一化值)
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```
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**模型参数**:
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- 总参数量: ~2,040个
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- ONNX文件大小: 10.27 KB
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- 推理速度: <1ms/次 (GPU)
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### 数据预处理
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**归一化公式**:
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```python
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normalized = (value - min) / (max - min) # 映射到[0,1]
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```
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**反归一化公式**:
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```python
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real_value = normalized * (max - min) + min
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```
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### 训练参数
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| 参数 | 值 | 说明 |
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|------|-----|------|
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| 数据划分 | 80%/20% | 训练集/验证集 |
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| 优化器 | Adam | 自适应学习率 |
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| 学习率 | 0.001 | 初始学习率 |
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| 损失函数 | MSE | 均方误差 |
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| 批大小 | 全量 | 使用所有训练数据 |
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| 最大轮数 | 500 | 最多训练500个epoch |
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| 早停耐心 | 20 | 验证Loss 20轮不降则停止 |
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| 最佳模型 | 自动保存 | 保存验证Loss最低的模型 |
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## 交易逻辑
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```python
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每小时新K线形成时:
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1. 获取最近10根H1 K线 [Open, High, Low, Close, Volume]
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2. 使用训练时的参数归一化数据
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3. 输入LSTM模型进行推理
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4. 反归一化得到预测收盘价
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5. 交易决策:
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- 预测价 > 当前价 * 1.0001 → 买入
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- 预测价 < 当前价 * 0.9999 → 卖出
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- 其他情况 → 不交易
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6. 设置止损止盈并提交订单
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```
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## 性能优化
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### 提升模型效果
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1. **增加模型容量**:
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```python
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self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size=5, hidden_size=50, num_layers=2)
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```
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2. **扩展时间窗口**:
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```python
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lookback = 20 # 使用20根K线预测
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```
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3. **调整训练参数**:
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```python
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patience = 30 # 增加早停耐心值
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optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=0.0005) # 降低学习率
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```
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4. **添加技术指标**:
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```python
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features = ['open', 'high', 'low', 'close', 'volume', 'rsi', 'macd']
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```
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5. **数据增强**:
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- 添加噪声
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- 时间窗口滑动
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- 多时间周期融合
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### 防止过拟合
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✅ **已实现的功能**:
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1. **训练集/验证集分割**:
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```python
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train_size = int(len(X) * 0.8) # 80%训练,20%验证
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X_train = X[:train_size]
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X_val = X[train_size:]
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```
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2. **早停法(Early Stopping)**:
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```python
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patience = 20 # 验证Loss 20轮不降则停止
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if val_loss < best_val_loss:
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best_model_state = model.state_dict() # 保存最佳模型
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```
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3. **验证Loss监控**:
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```python
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# 每10轮显示训练和验证Loss对比
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print(f"训练Loss: {train_loss:.6f} | 验证Loss: {val_loss:.6f}")
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```
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4. **训练曲线可视化**:
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- 自动生成 `training_loss.png`
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- 双曲线对比(训练vs验证)
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- 标记最佳模型位置
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⚙️ **可选的进阶方法**:
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5. **添加Dropout**:
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```python
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self.dropout = nn.Dropout(0.2)
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```
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6. **L2正则化**:
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```python
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optimizer = Adam(model.parameters(), lr=0.001, weight_decay=1e-5)
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```
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7. **学习率衰减**:
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```python
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scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.ReduceLROnPlateau(optimizer, patience=5)
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```
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## 常见问题排查
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### 训练相关
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**Q: 训练时CUDA不可用?**
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```bash
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# 检查PyTorch版本
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python -c "import torch; print(torch.__version__)"
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# 应显示 2.5.1+cu121 (带+cu121后缀)
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# 如果是 2.5.1+cpu,需重装GPU版本:
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pip install torch --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu121
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```
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**Q: MT5连接失败?**
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```
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解决方案:
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1. 确保MT5已启动并登录
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2. 检查工具→选项→EA交易→允许DLL导入
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3. 尝试手动在MT5图表上加载EURUSD H1
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```
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**Q: 训练Loss不下降?**
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```
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可能原因:
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1. 学习率过大 → 降低到0.0001
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2. 数据未归一化 → 检查scaler
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3. 数据质量差 → 检查MT5历史数据完整性
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4. 模型过于简单 → 增加hidden_size或num_layers
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```
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**Q: 验证Loss远高于训练Loss?**
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```
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原因: 模型过拟合训练数据
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解决方案:
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1. 查看训练曲线图(training_loss.png)确认
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2. 减少训练轮数或降低模型复杂度
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3. 增加训练数据量
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4. 添加Dropout层或L2正则化
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5. 使用早停机制(已自动启用)
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```
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**Q: 如何判断模型训练效果好坏?**
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```
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关键指标:
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1. ✅ 验证Loss越小越好 (如<0.001)
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2. ✅ 训练Loss和验证Loss接近 (差异<10%)
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3. ✅ Loss曲线平稳收敛不震荡
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4. ✅ 早停在合理位置触发
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查看方法:
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- 打开 training_loss.png 查看曲线
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- 阅读终端输出的"训练总结"
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- 关注"模型状态"的诊断结果
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```
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### 回测相关
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**Q: ONNX推理失败 "wrong dimension"?**
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```cpp
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// 确保在OnInit()中设置输入输出形状
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ulong input_shape[] = {1, 10, 5};
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OnnxSetInputShape(model_handle, 0, input_shape);
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ulong output_shape[] = {1, 1};
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OnnxSetOutputShape(model_handle, 0, output_shape);
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```
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**Q: 回测没有交易信号?**
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```
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检查清单:
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1. 归一化参数是否一致
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2. ONNX模型是否正确加载
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3. 时间周期是否为H1
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4. 查看Expert日志的预测值
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```
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**Q: 回测收益为负?**
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```
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这是正常的,原因:
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1. LSTM难以预测随机市场
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2. 模型过拟合训练数据
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3. 交易成本(点差/滑点)未考虑
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4. 需要优化止损止盈参数
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建议:
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- 仅用于学习,不要实盘
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- 尝试不同市场和时间周期
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- 结合其他技术指标
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```
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## 进阶扩展方向
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### 1. 模型改进
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- **双向LSTM**: 同时考虑过去和未来信息
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- **GRU**: 更简单的门控单元,训练更快
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- **Transformer**: 注意力机制,捕捉长期依赖
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- **CNN-LSTM**: 卷积提取局部特征+LSTM捕捉时序
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### 2. 特征工程
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- **技术指标**: RSI, MACD, 布林带, KDJ
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- **市场情绪**: VIX指数, 恐慌指数
|
||||
- **基本面**: 经济数据, 新闻情绪分析
|
||||
- **多周期**: M5/M15/H4数据融合
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. 策略优化
|
||||
- **强化学习**: PPO/DQN优化交易决策
|
||||
- **仓位管理**: Kelly公式动态调整手数
|
||||
- **风控系统**: 最大回撤限制, 连续亏损止损
|
||||
- **集成学习**: 多模型投票/加权平均
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. 工程化部署
|
||||
- **实时推理服务**: FastAPI + Docker
|
||||
- **模型监控**: MLflow跟踪模型性能
|
||||
- **在线学习**: 定期用新数据微调模型
|
||||
- **多品种交易**: 扩展到黄金/原油/股指
|
||||
|
||||
## 性能基准
|
||||
|
||||
### 训练性能 (RTX 4090)
|
||||
|
||||
| 指标 | 数值 |
|
||||
|------|------|
|
||||
| 数据量 | 31,053条 |
|
||||
| 训练集 | 24,833条 (80%) |
|
||||
| 验证集 | 6,209条 (20%) |
|
||||
| 训练时间 | ~30秒 (含早停) |
|
||||
| 实际轮数 | 164-184 (早停触发) |
|
||||
| 最佳验证Loss | ~0.0001-0.0002 |
|
||||
| 显存占用 | ~500MB |
|
||||
|
||||
### 推理性能 (MT5)
|
||||
|
||||
| 指标 | 数值 |
|
||||
|------|------|
|
||||
| 单次推理 | <1ms |
|
||||
| H1周期延迟 | 可忽略 |
|
||||
| CPU占用 | <1% |
|
||||
|
||||
## 免责声明
|
||||
|
||||
**重要提示**:
|
||||
|
||||
1. 本项目仅用于教学和研究目的,不构成任何投资建议
|
||||
2. 金融市场存在不可预测性,过去表现不代表未来收益
|
||||
3. LSTM模型可能过拟合历史数据,实盘表现可能与回测不符
|
||||
4. 实盘交易前务必在模拟账户充分测试
|
||||
5. 交易有风险,投资需谨慎,请勿使用无法承受损失的资金
|
||||
|
||||
## 参考资料
|
||||
|
||||
- [PyTorch官方文档](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/index.html)
|
||||
- [ONNX格式规范](https://onnx.ai/)
|
||||
- [MQL5语言参考](https://www.mql5.com/zh/docs)
|
||||
- [LSTM原理论文](https://www.bioinf.jku.at/publications/older/2604.pdf)
|
||||
- [量化交易策略](https://www.quantstart.com/)
|
||||
|
||||
## 许可证
|
||||
|
||||
本项目采用 MIT 许可证开源,允许自由使用、修改和分发。
|
||||
|
||||
## 作者与贡献
|
||||
|
||||
本项目由AI辅助生成,用于教学演示。欢迎提出改进建议和Bug反馈。
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
**最后更新**: 2025-10-27
|
||||
**版本**: 2.0.0
|
||||
**更新内容**:
|
||||
- ✅ 新增训练集/验证集划分 (80%/20%)
|
||||
- ✅ 新增早停机制 (Early Stopping)
|
||||
- ✅ 新增最佳模型自动保存
|
||||
- ✅ 新增训练曲线可视化
|
||||
- ✅ 新增训练状态智能诊断
|
||||
- ✅ 优化训练流程和文档说明
|
||||
|
||||
**适用人群**: 量化交易初学者、深度学习实践者、MQL5开发者
|
||||
# LSTM Quantitative Trading Educational Project - EURUSD H1 Strategy
|
||||
|
||||
## Overview
|
||||
|
||||
This project provides a complete end-to-end quantitative trading workflow based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network. Using real EURUSD historical market data, the model is trained in PyTorch, exported to ONNX format, and deployed directly in MetaTrader 5 (MT5) for backtesting and live inference.
|
||||
|
||||
The repository is designed as an educational resource for developers, students, quantitative traders, and machine learning practitioners who want to learn how deep learning can be applied to financial time-series forecasting and algorithmic trading.
|
||||
|
||||
The project covers the entire pipeline:
|
||||
|
||||
* Historical data acquisition from MetaTrader 5
|
||||
* Data preprocessing and normalization
|
||||
* LSTM model training with GPU acceleration
|
||||
* Early stopping and validation monitoring
|
||||
* ONNX model export
|
||||
* Deployment inside MetaTrader 5 Expert Advisors (EA)
|
||||
* Backtesting and strategy evaluation
|
||||
|
||||
## Key Features
|
||||
|
||||
### Deep Learning Based Forecasting
|
||||
|
||||
* LSTM neural network for time-series prediction
|
||||
* Automatic feature extraction from OHLCV market data
|
||||
* Support for CUDA GPU acceleration
|
||||
* Validation-based model selection
|
||||
* Early stopping to reduce overfitting
|
||||
|
||||
### Production Deployment
|
||||
|
||||
* ONNX model export for platform-independent deployment
|
||||
* Native integration with MetaTrader 5
|
||||
* Real-time inference inside MQL5 Expert Advisors
|
||||
* Lightweight model size (~10 KB)
|
||||
|
||||
### Educational Focus
|
||||
|
||||
* Clear and well-documented code
|
||||
* Complete training-to-deployment workflow
|
||||
* Practical example using real EURUSD data
|
||||
* Suitable for beginners in AI-powered quantitative trading
|
||||
|
||||
## Technology Stack
|
||||
|
||||
| Component | Technology |
|
||||
| ----------------------- | ---------------------------- |
|
||||
| Deep Learning Framework | PyTorch 2.5+ |
|
||||
| Model Architecture | LSTM |
|
||||
| Model Format | ONNX |
|
||||
| Trading Platform | MetaTrader 5 |
|
||||
| Languages | Python 3.11, MQL5 |
|
||||
| Data Source | MetaTrader 5 Historical Data |
|
||||
|
||||
## Why LSTM for Quantitative Trading?
|
||||
|
||||
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are specifically designed for sequential data and financial time-series forecasting.
|
||||
|
||||
Advantages include:
|
||||
|
||||
* Capturing long-term market dependencies
|
||||
* Learning nonlinear price dynamics
|
||||
* Automatic extraction of temporal patterns
|
||||
* Improved gradient stability compared with traditional RNNs
|
||||
* Strong performance on financial forecasting tasks
|
||||
|
||||
## Model Architecture
|
||||
|
||||
Input Shape:
|
||||
(10 timesteps × 5 features)
|
||||
|
||||
Features:
|
||||
|
||||
* Open
|
||||
* High
|
||||
* Low
|
||||
* Close
|
||||
* Volume
|
||||
|
||||
Network Structure:
|
||||
|
||||
Input Layer
|
||||
→ LSTM Layer (hidden_size=20)
|
||||
→ Fully Connected Layer
|
||||
→ Next-Candle Close Price Prediction
|
||||
|
||||
Model Statistics:
|
||||
|
||||
* Parameters: ~2,040
|
||||
* ONNX Size: ~10 KB
|
||||
* Inference Latency: <1 ms
|
||||
|
||||
## Training Pipeline
|
||||
|
||||
1. Retrieve EURUSD H1 historical data from MT5
|
||||
2. Normalize OHLCV features using MinMaxScaler
|
||||
3. Split data into:
|
||||
|
||||
* 80% Training Set
|
||||
* 20% Validation Set
|
||||
4. Train LSTM model using Adam optimizer
|
||||
5. Monitor validation loss
|
||||
6. Apply Early Stopping
|
||||
7. Save best-performing model
|
||||
8. Export ONNX model
|
||||
9. Generate training loss visualization
|
||||
|
||||
## Trading Logic
|
||||
|
||||
For each newly completed H1 candle:
|
||||
|
||||
1. Retrieve the latest 10 historical candles
|
||||
2. Normalize input features
|
||||
3. Run ONNX inference
|
||||
4. Convert prediction back to real price values
|
||||
5. Generate trading signals:
|
||||
|
||||
Buy:
|
||||
Predicted Price > Current Price × 1.0001
|
||||
|
||||
Sell:
|
||||
Predicted Price < Current Price × 0.9999
|
||||
|
||||
Otherwise:
|
||||
No Trade
|
||||
|
||||
## Educational Purpose
|
||||
|
||||
This repository is intended for:
|
||||
|
||||
* Machine Learning students
|
||||
* Quantitative Trading beginners
|
||||
* Forex traders interested in AI
|
||||
* MetaTrader 5 developers
|
||||
* Researchers studying financial forecasting
|
||||
|
||||
The project demonstrates how modern deep learning models can be integrated into traditional trading platforms and serves as a practical learning resource for AI-powered algorithmic trading.
|
||||
|
||||
## Disclaimer
|
||||
|
||||
This project is provided strictly for educational and research purposes.
|
||||
|
||||
It does not constitute financial advice, investment recommendations, or guarantees of future performance.
|
||||
|
||||
Financial markets are inherently uncertain, and historical performance does not guarantee future results. Any live trading conducted using this code is done entirely at the user's own risk.
|
||||
|
||||
## License
|
||||
|
||||
MIT License
|
||||
|
||||
Free to use, modify, and distribute.
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user