# Shared helpers for the offline Wickra R examples: deterministic synthetic
# market data, a small OHLCV CSV loader, and an equity-curve summary. Mirrors the
# helpers used by the C, C# and Go example suites.

synthetic_prices <- function(count, start = 100) {
  i <- seq_len(count) - 1
  start + 12 * sin(i * 0.05) + 5 * sin(i * 0.013) + i * 0.01
}

synthetic_candles <- function(count, start_ts = 0, step_ms = 3600000) {
  prices <- synthetic_prices(count + 1)
  k <- seq_len(count)
  i <- k - 1
  open <- prices[k]
  close <- prices[k + 1]
  data.frame(
    open = open,
    high = pmax(open, close) + 0.5 + abs(sin(i * 0.7)),
    low = pmin(open, close) - 0.5 - abs(cos(i * 0.7)),
    close = close,
    volume = 1000 + 500 * (1 + sin(i * 0.1)),
    timestamp = start_ts + i * step_ms
  )
}

load_ohlcv_csv <- function(path) {
  # Native CandleReader: header validation, BOM and field-whitespace tolerance.
  # read() returns an (n x 6) matrix of open, high, low, close, volume, timestamp.
  m <- read(CandleReader(paste(readLines(path, warn = FALSE), collapse = "\n")))
  data.frame(open = m[, "open"], high = m[, "high"], low = m[, "low"],
             close = m[, "close"], volume = m[, "volume"], timestamp = m[, "timestamp"])
}

summarize_equity <- function(returns, trades, periods_per_year = 252) {
  equity <- 1; peak <- 1; maxdd <- 0
  for (r in returns) {
    equity <- equity * (1 + r)
    peak <- max(peak, equity)
    maxdd <- max(maxdd, (peak - equity) / peak)
  }
  mean_r <- if (length(returns)) mean(returns) else 0
  sd_r <- if (length(returns) > 1) stats::sd(returns) else 0
  sharpe <- if (sd_r > 1e-12) mean_r / sd_r * sqrt(periods_per_year) else 0
  list(total_return_pct = (equity - 1) * 100, sharpe = sharpe,
       max_dd_pct = maxdd * 100, trades = trades)
}

print_equity <- function(name, r) {
  cat(sprintf("%-26s return=%8.2f%%  sharpe=%6.2f  maxDD=%6.2f%%  trades=%d\n",
              name, r$total_return_pct, r$sharpe, r$max_dd_pct, r$trades))
}

# Loads one of the checked-in datasets under examples/data (the R examples run
# from this directory, so ../data is examples/data).
bundled_candles <- function(filename) {
  load_ohlcv_csv(file.path("..", "data", filename))
}

# Prints the per-trade backtest summary shared verbatim with the Rust, Python,
# Node, Go, C and C# example suites (same labels, same numbers).
print_summary <- function(name, first_price, last_price, bars, closed_trades, final_equity, equity_curve) {
  buy_hold <- last_price / first_price
  strat_return <- final_equity - 1
  bh_return <- buy_hold - 1
  n <- length(closed_trades)
  wins <- sum(closed_trades > 0)
  losses <- sum(closed_trades < 0)
  best <- if (n > 0) max(closed_trades) else 0
  worst <- if (n > 0) min(closed_trades) else 0
  mean_r <- if (n > 0) mean(closed_trades) else 0
  var_r <- if (n > 1) stats::var(closed_trades) else 0
  sharpe <- if (var_r > 0) mean_r / sqrt(var_r) else 0
  peak <- if (length(equity_curve) > 0) equity_curve[1] else 1
  maxdd <- 0
  for (eq in equity_curve) {
    if (eq > peak) peak <- eq
    dd <- (peak - eq) / peak
    if (dd > maxdd) maxdd <- dd
  }
  cat(sprintf("=== %s ===\n", name))
  cat(sprintf("%-23s%d\n", "Bars:", bars))
  cat(sprintf("%-23s%d (W%d / L%d)\n", "Trades:", n, wins, losses))
  cat(sprintf("%-23s%+.2f%%\n", "Strategy return:", strat_return * 100))
  cat(sprintf("%-23s%+.2f%%\n", "Buy & Hold return:", bh_return * 100))
  cat(sprintf("%-23s%+.2f%%\n", "Excess over BH:", (strat_return - bh_return) * 100))
  cat(sprintf("%-23s%.2f%%\n", "Max drawdown:", maxdd * 100))
  cat(sprintf("%-23s%.2f  (mean %+.4f, stddev %.4f)\n", "Per-trade Sharpe:", sharpe, mean_r, sqrt(var_r)))
  cat(sprintf("%-23s%+.2f%% / %+.2f%%\n", "Best / worst trade:", best * 100, worst * 100))
  cat("\n")
  cat("NOTE: Educational example — fees, slippage, funding costs and tax effects are simplified or omitted. Past performance is not indicative of future results.\n")
}