import random import numpy as np from deap import base, creator, tools, algorithms import multiprocessing import pandas as pd from utils import initialize, shutdown, get_rates from backtest import BacktestEngine from logger import logger from config import INITIAL_CAPITAL, STRATEGIES, BUY_THRESHOLD, SELL_THRESHOLD # 1. 定义适应度函数 (已优化) def evaluate_fitness(individual, df_data): """ 评估函数现在接收预先加载的DataFrame作为参数,避免了重复IO。 输入: - individual: 一个代表策略权重的列表。 - df_data: 包含历史K线数据的Pandas DataFrame。 输出: 一个元组,包含适应度分数(最终资金)。 """ weights = individual # 直接使用传入的df_data,不再需要get_rates engine = BacktestEngine(df_data) signals_list = [] strategy_instances = [s for s, w in STRATEGIES] for strat in strategy_instances: signals = engine.run_strategy(strat) signals_list.append(signals) combined_signal = engine.combine_signals(signals_list, weights, BUY_THRESHOLD, SELL_THRESHOLD) cum_ret = engine.calc_returns(combined_signal) final_capital = INITIAL_CAPITAL * (1 + cum_ret.iloc[-1]) # 在优化过程中,可以注释掉这行日志以提高速度,因为它会大量输出 # logger.info(f"评估权重: {[f'{w:.2f}' for w in weights]} -> 最终资金: {final_capital:.2f}") return (final_capital,) # 2. 设置遗传算法 (已优化) def run_optimizer(): """ 配置并运行遗传算法 """ # --- 数据预加载 --- logger.info("--- 开始遗传算法优化 --- ") logger.info("步骤 1/4: 初始化MT5并预加载历史数据...") if not initialize(): logger.error("MT5初始化失败,无法开始优化") return symbol = "XAUUSD" timeframe = 1 # M1 count = 50000 # 使用与回测相同的数据量 rates = get_rates(symbol, timeframe, count) shutdown() # 获取数据后即可关闭连接 if rates is None: logger.error("获取历史数据失败,优化终止") return df_historical_data = pd.DataFrame(rates) logger.info(f"历史数据加载完成,共 {len(df_historical_data)} 条记录。") # --- DEAP 设置 --- logger.info("步骤 2/4: 配置遗传算法...") creator.create("FitnessMax", base.Fitness, weights=(1.0,)) creator.create("Individual", list, fitness=creator.FitnessMax) toolbox = base.Toolbox() toolbox.register("attr_float", random.uniform, 0.1, 2.0) num_strategies = len(STRATEGIES) toolbox.register("individual", tools.initRepeat, creator.Individual, toolbox.attr_float, n=num_strategies) toolbox.register("population", tools.initRepeat, list, toolbox.individual) toolbox.register("evaluate", evaluate_fitness, df_data=df_historical_data) toolbox.register("mate", tools.cxTwoPoint) toolbox.register("mutate", tools.mutGaussian, mu=0, sigma=0.5, indpb=0.2) toolbox.register("select", tools.selTournament, tournsize=3) # --- 并行计算设置 --- logger.info("步骤 3/4: 配置并行计算和统计...") pool = multiprocessing.Pool() toolbox.register("map", pool.map) # --- 统计功能设置 --- stats = tools.Statistics(lambda ind: ind.fitness.values) stats.register("avg", np.mean) stats.register("std", np.std) stats.register("min", np.min) stats.register("max", np.max) # --- 运行算法 --- population = toolbox.population(n=50) ngen = 20 cxpb = 0.5 mutpb = 0.2 logger.info(f"步骤 4/4: 开始并行进化... (种群大小: {len(population)}, 进化代数: {ngen})") algorithms.eaSimple(population, toolbox, cxpb, mutpb, ngen, stats=stats, verbose=True) pool.close() # --- 结果 --- best_individual = tools.selBest(population, k=1)[0] best_fitness = best_individual.fitness.values[0] logger.info("--- 遗传算法优化结束 ---") logger.info(f"找到的最佳权重: {[f'{w:.2f}' for w in best_individual]}") logger.info(f"对应的最佳最终资金: {best_fitness:.2f}") return best_individual, best_fitness