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MINUS_DI: Minus Directional Indicator
Measures downward directional movement strength as a percentage (0-100).
Introduction
The Minus Directional Indicator (-DI) measures the strength of downward price movement relative to the true range. It is one of the components of the Directional Movement System developed by J. Welles Wilder Jr.
When -DI is rising, downward price pressure is increasing. When -DI crosses above +DI, it signals a potential bearish trend. The -DI line is commonly plotted alongside +DI to visualize directional balance.
Calculation
-DI = Smoothed(-DM) / Smoothed(TR) × 100
Where:
- -DM (Minus Directional Movement) = max(PrevLow - Low, 0) when PrevLow - Low > High - PrevHigh, else 0
- TR (True Range) = max(High - Low, |High - PrevClose|, |Low - PrevClose|)
- Smoothing uses Wilder's method: Smooth = Smooth - Smooth/N + Input
Parameters
| Parameter | Default | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Period | 14 | 2-∞ | Wilder smoothing period |
Interpretation
- Rising -DI: Strengthening downward movement
- -DI > +DI: Bears dominate; potential downtrend
- -DI crossover above +DI: Bearish signal
- High -DI (>40): Strong downward momentum
References
- Wilder, J. Welles Jr. "New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems" (1978)