// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
// © mihakralj
//@version=6
indicator("Hull Moving Average (HMA)", "HMA", overlay=true)

//@function Calculates WMA using circular buffer with O(1) complexity
//@param source Series to calculate WMA from
//@param period Lookback period
//@returns WMA value
wma_helper(series float source, simple int period) =>
    var array<float> buffer = array.new_float(period, na)
    var int head = 0
    var float sum = 0.0
    var float weighted_sum = 0.0
    var int count = 0
    var float norm = 0.0
    
    float oldest = array.get(buffer, head)
    float current = nz(source)
    
    if not na(oldest)
        float old_sum = sum
        sum -= oldest
        sum += current
        weighted_sum := weighted_sum - old_sum + (period * current)
    else
        count += 1
        sum += current
        weighted_sum := weighted_sum + (count * current)
        norm := count * (count + 1) * 0.5
    
    array.set(buffer, head, current)
    head := (head + 1) % period
    
    weighted_sum / norm

//@function Calculates HMA using optimized WMA helper function
//@param source Series to calculate HMA from
//@param period Lookback period - FIR window size
//@returns HMA value, calculates from first bar using available data
//@optimized Uses three O(1) WMA calculations for combined O(1) complexity per bar
hma(series float source, simple int period) =>
    if period <= 0
        runtime.error("Period must be greater than 0")
    
    int half_period = math.max(1, math.round(period / 2.0))
    int sqrt_period = math.max(1, math.round(math.sqrt(period)))
    
    float wma_half = wma_helper(source, half_period)
    float wma_full = wma_helper(source, period)
    float diff = 2.0 * wma_half - wma_full
    float hma_value = wma_helper(diff, sqrt_period)
    
    hma_value

// ---------- Main loop ----------

// Inputs
i_period = input.int(10, "Period", minval=1)
i_source = input.source(close, "Source")

// Calculation
hma_value = hma(i_source, i_period)

// Plot
plot(hma_value, "HMA", color=color.yellow, linewidth=2)