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Refactor documentation for various filters and indicators to enhance clarity and consistency
- Updated Bessel, Bilateral, Blma, Butter, Conv, Ema, Kama, LSMA, MAMA, MGDI, SSF, USF, ATR, ADL, and ADOSC documentation to use bullet points for key concepts and features. - Added a new Qodana configuration file for code analysis. - Removed coverage configuration from Quantower.Tests.csproj to streamline testing setup.
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Miha Kralj
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# PCHANNEL: Price Channel
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## Overview and Purpose
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The Price Channel is a simple volatility-based indicator that plots the highest high and the lowest low over a user-defined lookback period. It is very similar in concept and application to Donchian Channels. The channel visually represents the trading range of an asset over the specified period.
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A middle line, typically the average of the upper and lower channel lines, can also be plotted to serve as a mean reference.
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## Core Concepts
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* **Highest High:** The upper band represents the highest price reached during the lookback period.
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* **Lowest Low:** The lower band represents the lowest price reached during thelookback period.
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* **Trading Range:** The channel effectively shows the price extremes for the chosen period.
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* **Breakout Indication:** Prices moving above the upper channel or below the lower channel can signal potential breakouts and the start of new trends.
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## Common Settings and Parameters
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| Parameter | Default | Function | When to Adjust |
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| :-------- | :------ | :------- | :------------- |
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| Length | 20 | Lookback period for determining the highest high and lowest low. | Shorter lengths make the channel more reactive to recent price action; longer lengths create a wider, smoother channel representing longer-term ranges. |
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## Calculation and Mathematical Foundation
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**Simplified explanation:**
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1. For each bar, look back over the specified `Length`.
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2. Identify the absolute highest `high` price during that period. This forms the Upper Channel line.
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3. Identify the absolute lowest `low` price during that period. This forms the Lower Channel line.
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4. (Optional) The Middle Channel line is the average of the Upper and Lower Channel lines: `(Upper Channel + Lower Channel) / 2`.
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**Technical formula:**
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1. **Upper Channel:**
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`UpperChannel = Highest(High, Length)`
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2. **Lower Channel:**
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`LowerChannel = Lowest(Low, Length)`
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3. **Middle Channel (optional):**
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`MiddleChannel = (UpperChannel + LowerChannel) / 2`
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## Interpretation Details
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* **Support and Resistance:** The upper band can act as resistance, and the lower band as support.
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* **Breakouts:**
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* A close above the Upper Channel suggests bullish strength and a potential upside breakout.
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* A close below the Lower Channel suggests bearish pressure and a potential downside breakout.
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* **Trend Identification:**
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* In an uptrend, prices may consistently touch or "ride" the Upper Channel.
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* In a downtrend, prices may consistently touch or "ride" the Lower Channel.
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* **Volatility:** The width of the channel can give an indication of volatility. Wider channels suggest higher volatility over the lookback period.
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* **"Turtle Trading" Strategy:** Price Channels (like Donchian Channels) were famously used in the "Turtle Trading" system, where breakouts from the channel were used as entry signals.
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## Limitations and Considerations
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* **Lag:** Like all indicators based on lookback periods, there's an inherent lag. The channel reflects past price action.
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* **Whipsaws:** In choppy, non-trending markets, breakouts can be false, leading to whipsaws.
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* **Parameter Choice:** The `Length` parameter is crucial. A length too short may generate many false signals, while one too long may miss timely entries.
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* **Not a Standalone System:** Best used in conjunction with other indicators (e.g., volume, trend indicators) or price action analysis for confirmation.
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## References
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* Donchian, R. D. (Various). (Conceptual basis for channel breakouts).
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* Faith, C. (2007). *Way of the Turtle*. McGraw-Hill. (Describes trading systems using similar channels).
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// The MIT License (MIT)
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// © mihakralj
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//@version=6
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indicator("Price Channel (PCHANNEL)", "PCHANNEL", overlay=true)
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//@function Calculates Price Channel
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//@param length_param Lookback period for determining the highest high and lowest low
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//@returns tuple [upperChannel, middleChannel, lowerChannel]
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//@optimized Uses monotonic deque for O(1) amortized complexity per bar
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pchannel(simple int length_param) =>
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if length_param <= 0
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runtime.error("Length must be greater than 0")
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var deque_hi = array.new_int(0)
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var src_buffer_hi = array.new_float(0, na)
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var int current_index_hi = 0
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var deque_lo = array.new_int(0)
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var src_buffer_lo = array.new_float(0, na)
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var int current_index_lo = 0
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if array.size(src_buffer_hi) != length_param
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src_buffer_hi := array.new_float(length_param, na)
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current_index_hi := 0
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array.clear(deque_hi)
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src_buffer_lo := array.new_float(length_param, na)
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current_index_lo := 0
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array.clear(deque_lo)
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float cv_hi = nz(high)
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array.set(src_buffer_hi, current_index_hi, cv_hi)
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float cv_lo = nz(low)
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array.set(src_buffer_lo, current_index_lo, cv_lo)
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while array.size(deque_hi) > 0 and array.get(deque_hi, 0) <= bar_index - length_param
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array.shift(deque_hi)
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while array.size(deque_lo) > 0 and array.get(deque_lo, 0) <= bar_index - length_param
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array.shift(deque_lo)
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while array.size(deque_hi) > 0
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if array.get(src_buffer_hi, array.get(deque_hi, array.size(deque_hi) - 1) % length_param) <= cv_hi
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array.pop(deque_hi)
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else
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break
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array.push(deque_hi, bar_index)
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while array.size(deque_lo) > 0
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if array.get(src_buffer_lo, array.get(deque_lo, array.size(deque_lo) - 1) % length_param) >= cv_lo
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array.pop(deque_lo)
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else
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break
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array.push(deque_lo, bar_index)
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float highestHigh = array.get(src_buffer_hi, array.get(deque_hi, 0) % length_param)
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current_index_hi := (current_index_hi + 1) % length_param
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float lowestLow = array.get(src_buffer_lo, array.get(deque_lo, 0) % length_param)
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current_index_lo := (current_index_lo + 1) % length_param
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[highestHigh, (highestHigh + lowestLow) / 2.0, lowestLow]
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// ---------- Main loop ----------
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// Inputs
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i_length = input.int(20, "Length", minval=1)
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// Calculation
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[upperCh, middleCh, lowerCh] = pchannel(i_length)
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// Plot
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plot(middleCh, "Middle Channel", color=color.yellow, linewidth=2)
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p1 = plot(upperCh, "Upper Channel", color=color.yellow, linewidth=2)
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p2 = plot(lowerCh, "Lower Channel", color=color.yellow, linewidth=2)
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fill(p1, p2, color=color.new(color.blue, 90), title="Band Fill")
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