refactor: optimize event args handling for performance improvements

lib/core/tbarseries/tbarseries.cs

@@ -6,9 +6,8 @@ using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 namespace QuanTAlib;
 
 /// <summary>
-/// A high-performance OHLCV time series implementation using Structure of Arrays (SoA) layout.
-/// Stores Time, Open, High, Low, Close, Volume in separate contiguous arrays for SIMD efficiency.
-/// Exposes TSeries views for each component that share the underlying Time array.
+/// Performance-focused event args for TBar updates.
+/// Implemented as struct to avoid heap allocations in high-frequency event dispatch.
 /// </summary>
 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Auto)]
 public readonly struct TBarEventArgs

lib/core/tseries/ITValuePublisher.cs

@@ -1,14 +1,24 @@
 using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 
 namespace QuanTAlib;
 
-public sealed class TValueEventArgs : EventArgs
+/// <summary>
+/// Performance-focused event args for TValue updates.
+/// Implemented as struct to avoid heap allocations in high-frequency event dispatch.
+/// </summary>
+[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Auto)]
+public readonly struct TValueEventArgs
 {
     public TValue Value { get; init; }
     public bool IsNew { get; init; }
 }
 
-public delegate void TValuePublishedHandler(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args);
+// Performance-focused event args struct; not derived from EventArgs by design.
+// We intentionally deviate from the standard EventArgs pattern here for perf.
+#pragma warning disable MA0046 // The second parameter must be of type 'System.EventArgs' or a derived type
+public delegate void TValuePublishedHandler(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args);
+#pragma warning restore MA0046
 
 /// <summary>
 /// Interface for objects that publish TValue updates.

lib/core/tseries/tseries.cs

@@ -109,8 +109,7 @@ public class TSeries : IReadOnlyList<TValue>, ITValuePublisher
             _v[lastIdx] = value.Value;
         }
 
-        var args = new TValueEventArgs { Value = value, IsNew = isNew };
-        Pub?.Invoke(this, args);
+        Pub?.Invoke(this, new TValueEventArgs { Value = value, IsNew = isNew });
     }
 
     // Overload for backward compatibility (assumes isNew=true)

lib/momentum/apo/Apo.cs

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ public sealed class Apo : ITValuePublisher
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/momentum/aroon/Aroon.Validation.Tests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using Skender.Stock.Indicators;

lib/momentum/aroonosc/AroonOsc.Validation.Tests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using Skender.Stock.Indicators;

lib/momentum/cfb/Cfb.cs

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public sealed class Cfb : ITValuePublisher
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
     public void Reset()

lib/momentum/macd/Macd.cs

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public sealed class Macd : ITValuePublisher
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/momentum/rsi/Rsi.cs

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ public sealed class Rsi : AbstractBase
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/momentum/rsx/Rsx.cs

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public sealed class Rsx : ITValuePublisher
     public bool IsHot => _state.IsInitialized;
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
 
     public TValue Update(TValue input, bool isNew = true)
     {

lib/momentum/vel/Vel.cs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public sealed class Vel : ITValuePublisher
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
     public TValue Update(TValue input, bool isNew = true)

lib/statistics/linreg/LinReg.Validation.Tests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using Xunit;

lib/statistics/linreg/LinReg.cs

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public sealed class LinReg : AbstractBase
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
     private double GetValidValue(double input)

lib/statistics/median/Median.cs

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public sealed class Median : AbstractBase
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
     public override TValue Update(TValue input, bool isNew = true)

lib/statistics/stddev/StdDev.Validation.Tests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using Xunit;
 using QuanTAlib;

lib/statistics/variance/Variance.Validation.Tests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using Xunit;
 using QuanTAlib;

lib/trends/alma/Alma.cs

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public sealed class Alma : AbstractBase, IDisposable
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     public void Dispose()
     {

lib/trends/bessel/Bessel.cs

@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ public sealed class Bessel : AbstractBase, IDisposable
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     public override void Reset()
     {

lib/trends/bilateral/Bilateral.cs

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public sealed class Bilateral : AbstractBase
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
 
     public override TSeries Update(TSeries source)
     {

lib/trends/blma/Blma.cs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public sealed class Blma : AbstractBase, IDisposable
         }
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/trends/butter/Butter.cs

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public sealed class Butter : AbstractBase
         source.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/trends/conv/Conv.cs

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public sealed class Conv : AbstractBase, IDisposable
         }
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
     private double GetValidValue(double input)

lib/trends/dema/Dema.Quantower.Tests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using Xunit;
+using Xunit;
 using TradingPlatform.BusinessLayer;
 
 namespace QuanTAlib.Tests;

lib/trends/dema/Dema.cs

@@ -337,5 +337,5 @@ public sealed class Dema : AbstractBase, IDisposable
         }
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 }

lib/trends/dwma/Dwma.cs

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public sealed class Dwma : AbstractBase
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/trends/ema/Ema.cs

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public sealed class Ema : AbstractBase
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
     private double GetValidValue(double input)

lib/trends/hma/Hma.cs

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public sealed class Hma : AbstractBase
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/trends/htit/Htit.cs

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ public sealed class Htit : AbstractBase
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/trends/jma/Jma.cs

@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ public sealed class Jma : AbstractBase
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
 
     public override void Prime(ReadOnlySpan<double> source, TimeSpan? step = null)
     {

lib/trends/kama/Kama.cs

@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ public sealed class Kama : AbstractBase
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args)
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args)
     {
         Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
     }

lib/trends/lsma/Lsma.Validation.Tests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using OoplesFinance.StockIndicators;

lib/trends/lsma/Lsma.cs

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public sealed class Lsma : AbstractBase, IDisposable
         _source.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
     private double GetValidValue(double input)

lib/trends/mama/Mama.cs

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public sealed class Mama : AbstractBase
         source.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     private void Init()
     {

lib/trends/mgdi/Mgdi.cs

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public sealed class Mgdi : AbstractBase
         source.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     private void Init()
     {

lib/trends/pwma/Pwma.Quantower.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Drawing;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using TradingPlatform.BusinessLayer;

lib/trends/pwma/Pwma.cs

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public sealed class Pwma : AbstractBase
         source.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
     private double GetValidValue(double input, double lastValid)

lib/trends/rma/Rma.cs

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public sealed class Rma : AbstractBase
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     public override TValue Update(TValue input, bool isNew = true)
     {

lib/trends/sma/Sma.cs

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public sealed class Sma : AbstractBase
         source.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     // Mode B: Streaming (Stateful)

lib/trends/ssf/Ssf.cs

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public sealed class Ssf : AbstractBase
         source.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     public override bool IsHot => _state.IsHot;
 

lib/trends/t3/T3.cs

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public sealed class T3 : AbstractBase, IDisposable
         _publisher.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// True if the T3 has been initialized (received at least one value).

lib/trends/tema/Tema.cs

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public sealed class Tema : AbstractBase
         _handler = Handle;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes the indicator state using the provided history.

lib/trends/trima/Trima.Validation.Tests.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using Skender.Stock.Indicators;

lib/trends/trima/Trima.cs

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public sealed class Trima : AbstractBase, IDisposable
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs args) => Update(args.Value, args.IsNew);
 
     public override void Prime(ReadOnlySpan<double> source, TimeSpan? step = null)
     {

lib/trends/usf/Usf.cs

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public sealed class Usf : AbstractBase
         source.Pub += _handler;
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     public override bool IsHot => _state.IsHot;
 

lib/trends/vidya/Vidya.cs

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public sealed class Vidya : AbstractBase, IDisposable
         }
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     public override bool IsHot => _state.BarCount >= _period;
 

lib/trends/wma/Wma.cs

@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ public sealed class Wma : AbstractBase, IDisposable
         return new TSeries(t, v);
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     public override void Prime(ReadOnlySpan<double> source, TimeSpan? step = null)
     {

lib/volatility/atr/Atr.cs

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public sealed class Atr : AbstractBase
         // but we can rely on manual updates or the user subscribing.
     }
 
-    private void Handle(object? sender, TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
+    private void Handle(object? sender, in TValueEventArgs e) => Update(e.Value, e.IsNew);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// True if the ATR has warmed up and is providing valid results.