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lib/core/tvalue/TValue.Tests.cs

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+using System;
+using Xunit;
+using QuanTAlib;
+
+namespace QuanTAlib.Tests
+{
+    public class TValueTests
+    {
+        [Fact]
+        public void Constructor_SetsPropertiesCorrectly()
+        {
+            long time = DateTime.UtcNow.Ticks;
+            double value = 123.45;
+
+            var tValue = new TValue(time, value);
+
+            Assert.Equal(time, tValue.Time);
+            Assert.Equal(value, tValue.Value);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void AsDateTime_ReturnsCorrectDateTime()
+        {
+            DateTime dt = new DateTime(2023, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+            long ticks = dt.Ticks;
+            var tValue = new TValue(ticks, 100.0);
+
+            Assert.Equal(dt, tValue.AsDateTime);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ToString_FormatsCorrectly()
+        {
+            DateTime dt = new DateTime(2023, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+            var tValue = new TValue(dt.Ticks, 123.456);
+
+            string result = tValue.ToString();
+            
+            Assert.Contains(dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), result);
+            Assert.Contains("123.46", result); // Default formatting usually 2 decimals or similar
+        }
+        
+        [Fact]
+        public void ImplicitConversion_ToDouble()
+        {
+            var tValue = new TValue(DateTime.UtcNow.Ticks, 42.0);
+            double val = tValue;
+            Assert.Equal(42.0, val);
+        }
+    }
+}

lib/core/tvalue/tvalue.cs

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+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+
+namespace QuanTAlib;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// A lightweight struct representing a time-value pair.
+/// Pure data type: 16 bytes (long + double).
+/// </summary>
+[SkipLocalsInit]
+public readonly struct TValue : IEquatable<TValue>
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Time in ticks (UTC).
+    /// </summary>
+    public readonly long Time;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The value.
+    /// </summary>
+    public readonly double Value;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Convenience property to get DateTime from Ticks.
+    /// </summary>
+    public DateTime AsDateTime => new(Time, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public TValue(long time, double value)
+    {
+        Time = time;
+        Value = value;
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public TValue(DateTime time, double value)
+    {
+        Time = time.Ticks;
+        Value = value;
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public static implicit operator double(TValue tv) => tv.Value;
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public static implicit operator DateTime(TValue tv) => new(tv.Time, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public override string ToString() => $"[{AsDateTime:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}, {Value:F2}]";
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public bool Equals(TValue other) => Time == other.Time && Value == other.Value;
+
+    public override bool Equals(object? obj) => obj is TValue other && Equals(other);
+    public override int GetHashCode() => HashCode.Combine(Time, Value);
+    public static bool operator ==(TValue left, TValue right) => left.Equals(right);
+    public static bool operator !=(TValue left, TValue right) => !left.Equals(right);
+}